France's next revolution
Day15
1.the hallmark of... ...的标志
Stagnation, both political and economic, has been the hallmark of a country where little has changed for decades, even as power has rotated between the established parties of left and right.
😶power rotates between established parties传统的党派轮流执政
2.political upheaval政治动荡，政治巨变
This year’s presidential election, the most exciting in living memory, promises an upheaval.
3.presidential ballot 总统选举
The Socialist and Republican parties, which have held power since the founding of the Fifth Republic in 1958, could be eliminated in the first round of a presidential ballot on April 23rd.
😶hold power掌权 😶the Fifth Republic 法兰西第五共和国
4.charismatic leader 魅力领袖
French voters may face a choice between two insurgent candidates: Marine Le Pen, the charismatic leader of the National Front, and Emmanuel Macron, the upstart leader of a liberal movement, En Marche! (On the Move!), which he founded only last year.
😶the National Front 国民阵线
😶insurgent candidate 与现有政党观点截然不同的候选人
😶face a choice between... 在。。中面临选择
5.economy realignment /ˌriə'laɪnmənt/经济体重组
The resulting realignment will have reverberations far beyond France's borders.
😶sending reverberations through higher education给高等教育带来深远的影响
6.proximate cause直接原因
The revolution’s proximate cause is voters’ fury at the uselessness and self-dealing of their ruling class.
😶self-dealing 假公济私
😶ruling class 统治阶级
7.run for re-election连任竞选
The Socialist president, François Hollande, is so unpopular that he is not running for re-election
8.the centre-right Republican party中右派共和党
The established opposition, the centre-right Republican party, saw its chances sink on March 1st when its standard-bearer, François Fillon, revealed that he was being formally investigated for paying his wife and children nearly €1m ($1.05m) of public money for allegedly fake jobs.
😶centre-right 中右的（指支持资本主义并接受某些社会改革的）
😶standard-bearer 领导人😶be formally investigated for sth 因...接受正式调查
9.chances are dramatically weakened 可能性大大降低
But his chances of winning are dramatically weakened.
10.Further fuel one's anger 进一步加剧...的愤怒
Further fuelling voters’ anger is their anguish at the state of France.
😶(n.) anguish at对...感到悲痛
11.sluggish economy 萧条的经济
France’s economy has long been sluggish; its vast state, which absorbs 57% of GDP, has sapped the country’s vitality.
😶sap one's vitality 使失去信心；使元气大伤
In economics, absorption is the total demand for all final marketed goods and services by all economic agents resident in an economy, regardless of the origin of the goods and services themselves.
12.entrepreneurial vim 企业家精神
In the face of high taxes and heavy regulation those with entrepreneurial vim have long headed abroad, often to London.
😶In the face of 面临。。
13.jangle the nerves 使神经紧张
Repeated terrorist attacks have jangled nerves, forced citizens to live under a state of emergency and exposed deep cultural rifts in the country with Europe’s largest Muslim community.
😶cultural rifts文化裂痕
13.build up problems积聚问题
Many of these problems have built up over decades, but neither the left nor the right has been able to get to grips with them.
😶grips with sth 解决
14.ambitious economic reform大规模经济改革
France’s last serious attempt at ambitious economic reform, an overhaul of pensions and social security, was in the mid-1990s under President Jacques Chirac
😶overhaul of policies政策整改
15.talk a big game=basicly he thinks ur all talk and no walk; cannot prove u can do what u say
Since then, few have even tried. Nicolas Sarkozy talked a big game, but his reform agenda was felled by the financial crisis of 2007-08.
😶be felled by 被打倒
16.throw the bums out 把烂政客赶下台
After decades of stasis, it is hardly surprising that French voters want to throw the bums out.
Stasis 停滞；静止
17.tap into frustration利用沮丧情绪
Both Mr Macron and Ms Le Pen tap into that frustration. But they offer radically different diagnoses of what ails France and radically different remedies.
18.distance oneself from..使疏远
She has effectively distanced herself from her party’s anti-Semitic past(even evicting her father from the party he founded), but she appeals to those who want to shut out the rest of the world.
😶anti-Semitic policy: 反犹政策
😶evict (sb) from 驱逐开
😶shut out the rest of the world 与世界的其他地方隔离（shut out把..排除在外）
19.fomenter of terror恐怖活动的挑唆者
She decries globalisation as a threat to French jobs and Islamists as fomenters of terror who make it perilous to wear a short skirt in public.
20.a referendum on sth ...的全民公投
She vows to close radical mosques, stanch the flow of immigrants to a trickle, obstruct foreign trade, swap the euro for a resurrected French franc and call a referendum on leaving the EU.
😶foreign trade 对外贸易
21.trim the state payroll by+number,削减国家...劳动力
His liberalising programme will probably be less bold than that of the beleaguered Mr Fillon , who has promised to trim the state payroll by 500,000 workers and slash the labour code.
😶slash the labour code简化劳动法
22.represent a repudiation =gainsay
Nonetheless, they represent a repudiation of the status quo.
nonetheless=nevertheless
23.insular people
=If you say that someone is insular, you are being critical of them because they are unwilling to meet new people or to consider new ideas.
思想狭隘的人；孤立的人；保守的人
😶A victory for Ms Le Pen would make France poorer, more insular and nastier.
😶nasty situation极为棘手的局面，令人担忧的局面
24.doom a union毁灭一个联盟
If she pulls France out of the euro, it would trigger a financial crisis and doom a union that, for all its flaws, has promoted peace and prosperity in Europe for six decades.
😶for all its flaws 尽管问题重重
25.hefty loan 巨额贷款
It is perhaps no coincidence that Ms Le Pen’s party has received a hefty loan from a Russian bank.
😶It is perhaps no coincidence that.... ....可能不是碰巧
26.clinch the presidency 赢得总统选举
With just over two months to go, it seems Ms Le Pen is unlikely to clinch the presidency. Polls show her winning the first round but losing the run-off.
😶lose the run-off 在决胜局失败
Day16
I.神句神词组
1.Stagnation, both political and economic, has been the hallmark of a country where little has changed for decades, even as power has rotated between the established parties of left and right.
尽管权力一直在【老牌的】/【传统的】左翼或右翼党派间轮转，但是政治和经济的止步不前已经法国的一个标志，几十年间从未鲜有改变。
【法国过去几十年都鲜有变化，政治和经济上的停滞已经成了这个国家的典型特征，即便传统的左派和右派轮流执政也毫不起色。】
😶翻译问题1.power has rotated between the established parties译成权力在轮转太过于直白，且让人有些不知所云。此时可以【变换主、宾】，使其更符合表达。2.翻译不精确：little has changed 翻译成【鲜有改变】要更好。
😶established，绝对的报刊高频词，通常表示某事/人/物已有稳固地位，比如
established capitalist countries老牌资本主义国家
They are an established company with a good reputation.他们是一家地位稳固，信誉良好的公司。
An established actor著名演员。
2.The implications of these insurgencies are hard to exaggerate.
这些黑马出现带来影响，很难夸大估量。
[这些黑马带来的影响难以估量。]
We can’t exaggerate his scientific attainment.
我们无法估量他在科学上的造诣。
3.The resulting realignment will have reverberations far beyond France’s borders. It could revitalize the European Union, or wreck it.
重组带来的影响力不会仅仅局限于法国内部。要么它让欧盟重新变得有活力，要么它就会摧毁欧盟。
【随之而来的改变所影响的范围远远不止法国本土，欧盟极有可能因此重振或毁灭。】
😶翻译问题：第二句自己的翻译其实是有点变扭。其实只要是表达出原作者的意思就很好了，不一定要拘泥于原文的形式。
😶Reverberation原意是回声，引申为影响，尤指广泛且消极的影响。
4.Further fueling voter’s anger is their anguish at the state of France.
在选民头上火上浇油的是，他们对法国的现状感到痛心疾首。
【法国的现状令当地选民极为苦恼，这进一步激发了他们的愤怒。】
翻译问题:虽然感觉的确是有“火上浇油”之意，但前后句根本衔接不上。
5.Its vast state, which absorbs 57% of GDP, has sapped the country’s vitality.
法国有广阔的国土，但其总需求却只有GDP的57%的现状，使得国家元气大伤。
【庞大的政府消耗了GDP的57%， 国家的活力因此而被削弱。】
😶翻译问题：并没有理解state的含义。。
😶Vast state指政府臃肿庞大，开支惊人
6.If she pulls France out of the euro, it would trigger a financial crisis and doom a union that, for all its flaws, has promoted peace and prosperity in Europe for six decades.
如果她让法国退出欧元区货币体系，就可能带来金融危机，并且可能摧毁欧盟——撇去它的不足来说，在过去的六十年里，欧盟的确给欧洲带来了和平与繁荣。
【如果她使法国退出欧元区，则会引发一场金融危机，并且将欧盟带向灭亡。尽管欧盟有各种缺陷，但在过去六十年间确实促进了欧洲的和平与繁荣发展。】
神词组:
1.Uselessness and self-dealing of the ruling class 无用且假公济私的统治阶级
2.Exposed deep cultural rifts with …暴露出了与..深层的文化裂痕
😶Rift=division
The rift within the party deepened. 党内分歧加深了。
Efforts to heal the rift between the two countries have failed. 弥合两国间分歧的各种努力都已失败。
3. Get to grips with:解决
4.Overhaul of pensions and social security退休金和社会保障改革
Overhaul全面大修，
A radical overhaul of the tax system is necessary.有必要彻底改革税制。
5.Massive strikes:大规模的罢工
6.Tap into that frustration:利用这种沮丧的情绪
Tap (into) sth: to make use of a source of energy, knowledge, etc. that already exists.
Eg. We need to tap the expertise of the people we already have.
7.Radically different极其地不同
8.Call a referendum on leaving the EU 发动是否离开欧盟地全民公投号召脱欧公投
9.Staunchly pro-trade/embraces cultural change and technological disruption.坚定支持…
10.Be short on precise policies:缺少具体的政策
11.Pitch himself as… 把自己宣传/定位成…
😶n.：an aggressive sales pitch:强有力的推销行话
eg.Each company was given ten minutes to make its pitch.
每个公司有十分钟的时间进行推销宣传。
😶v.：推销 pitch sth at sb/pitch sth as sth=to aim or direct a product or service at a
particular group of people.
Eg. The new software is being pitched at banks.
这种新软件以银行为目标市场。
Representatives went to Japan to pitch the company’s newest products.
销售代表前往日本推销本公司的最新产品。
12.Trim the state payroll by…减少...员工人口
13.Repudiation of the status quo 对现状的抗拒
14.Appeal to sb吸引某人
The design has to appeal to all ages and social groups.
设计要雅俗共赏，老幼皆宜。
15.Hefty loan 巨额贷款（搭配）
16.Suffer hacking attacks 遭受黑客袭击（搭配）
17.Slash labor code: 简化劳动法（搭配）
18.Enact agenda: 执行计划（搭配）
Ⅱ Mind Map
Day17
1.全文总结：这篇文章总体上来说还挺好理解的，我的感觉就是在说明法国的现状，和现状导致了两匹黑马的出现，接着再对比黑马，最后作者给出自己的预测（虽然他并没有）。尤其是当画了Mind Map之后，思路更加清晰，因为Mind Map让我要仔细去思考，全文到底有什么内在联系，从而使整篇文章能浓缩到一张小小的map里。虽然画的还是有点啰嗦，但是也有很大进步啦，现在还可以用Mind map 复习专业课知识了~
2.翻译总结：翻译上还是出现了几个小问题①不懂得变通，太拘泥于原文的形式了，导致英式中文的出现。下次翻完之后再仔细看看，理解了之后其实可以跳出原文了~②一些词的问题阻碍了我翻译出正确的意思，要勤查。