全国自考(国际商务英语)-试卷9
(总分:92.00,做题时间:90分钟)
一、 词组英译汉(总题数:10,分数:20.00)
1.trade fairs (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:贸易洽谈会) 解析:解析:trade意为“贸易”;fair意为“展览会,洽谈会”。 2.production approach (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:生产方式) 解析:解析:production意为“生产”;approach意为“方式,方法”。 3.in bulk (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:散装) 解析:解析:bulk意为“散装的”。 4.net weight (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:净重) 解析:解析:固定译法,专业商务术语,详见教材常见商务词语表。 5.confirmed letter of credit (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:保兑信用证) 解析:解析:同定译法,专业商务术语,详见教材第十二课单词表。 6.counter offer (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:还盘) 解析:解析:固定译法,专业商务术语,详见教材第八课单词表。 7.specific duty (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:从量税) 解析:解析:specific意为“具体的”;duty意为“税收”。 8.short-sea maritime transport (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:近海运输)
解析:解析:short-sea意为“近海的”;maritime意为“海事的”;transport意为“运输”。 9.par value (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:平价)
解析:解析:par意为“标准,平均数值”;value意为“价值,价格”。 10.World Bank Group (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:世界银行集团) 解析:解析:world意为“世界”;bank意为“银行”;group意为“团体”。
二、 词组汉译英(总题数:10,分数:20.00)
11.贸易壁垒 (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:trade barriers) 解析:解析:“贸易”译为“trade”;“障碍,壁垒”译为“barrier”。 12.无形贸易 (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:invisible trade) 解析:解析:“无形的”译为“invisible”,“贸易”译为“trade”。 13.电子数据交换 (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:EDI(Electronic Data Interchange)) 解析:解析:E代表“electronic”,意为“电子的”;D代表”Data”,意为“数据”;I代表“Interchange”,意为“交换”。详见教材第七课注释12。 14.多式联运 (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:multimodal transport) 解析:解析:“多式的”译为“multimodal”;“运输”译为“transport”。 15.跨国公司母公司 (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:parent MNC)
解析:解析:跨国公司为MNC(Multi—National Corporation),本题为固定译法,详见教材第四课注释7。 16.董事会 (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:board of directors)
解析:解析:board一词本身就有“董事会”的意思;director也有“董事,理事,负责人”的意思。 17.非关税壁垒 (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:non—traiff barrier)
解析:解析:“non-”为表示否定意义的前缀;tariff有“关税”的意思;barrier意为“障碍,栅栏”。 18.初级产品 (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:primary commodities) 解析:解析:“初级的”译为“primary”;“产品”译为“commodity”。 19.进口关税 (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:import duties) 解析:解析:import意为“进口”;duty意为“关税”。 20.税率表 (分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:tariff schedule) 解析:解析:tariff意为“关税表,收费表”;schedule意为“计划表,一览表”。
三、 配对题(总题数:1,分数:20.00)
a. the terminal to which goods are sentb. getting goods off a carrierc. the marketing, transporting, merchandising, and selling of any itemd. business dealings between individuals or firmse. combination of related parts or elements accepted or rejected as a single unitf. a choice from two or more posibilitiesg. very importanth. legal right of possession i. authentic materials j. semi-manufactures(分数:20.00) (1).alternative(分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:f) 解析:
(2).verified data(分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:i) 解析:
(3).fundamental(分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:g) 解析:
(4).ownership(分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:h) 解析:
(5).intermediate products(分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:j) 解析:
(6).commercial intercourse(分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:d) 解析:
(7).unload(分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:b) 解析:
(8).package(分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:e) 解析:
(9).distribution(分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:c) 解析:
(10).destination(分数:2.00)
填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:a) 解析:
四、 名词解释(总题数:5,分数:10.00)
21.proximate cause of loss (分数:2.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:When an insurance policy is made out to cover a certain risk,a claim becomes payable only if that risk occused as the proximate cause of the loss suffered.The proximate cause is the direct cause of the loss.)
解析:解析:近因原则的含义是制定的保险单要承担某种险别,只有发生的风险是造成损失的直接原因时才能得到赔偿。近因就是导致损失的直接原因。 22.insurance (分数:2.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:Insurance is a social device in which a group of individuals transfer risk and provide for payment of losses from funds contributed by all members who transferred risk.Insurance is a risk transfer mechanism.Those who transfer risk are called insureds.Those who assume risk are called insurers.)
解析:解析:首先,保险是一种社会机制,人们在此机制下转移风险,并从所有转移风险的成员所交纳的基金中提供损失赔偿金。第二,保险也是一种风险转移机制。第三,转移风险的人称为投保人,承担风险的人称为承保人。 23.standby arrangements (分数:2.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:That’s the standby credit arrangement given by IMF to its member countries.)
解析:解析:standby arrangements译为“备用(信贷)安排”。国际货币基金组织给予会员国备用信贷的安排。 24.fair trade (分数:2.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:It refers to the trade conducted by two parties on the equal treatment.) 解析:解析:fair trade译为“公平贸易”,本指贸易各方在同等待遇基础上进行的贸易。 25.the most favoured nation clause (分数:2.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:It is the most effective method to avoid the damage by bilateral talks to the world trade.Countries that can enjoy it can automatically enjoy the favorable tariffs given by the relevant countries to the other countries.)
解析:解析:the most-favored nation clause译为“最惠国条款”,它是防止具有双边性质的贸易谈判影响世界贸易的最有效的可行办法。享受最惠国待遇的国家可以自动享有有关国家给予别国的优惠关税待遇。
五、 简答题(总题数:4,分数:8.00)
26.Menion the two types of business negotiations, and give example for each. (分数:2.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:There are two types of business negotiations:oral and written.The former refers to direct discussions conducted at tradefairs or by sending trade groups abroad or by inviting foreign customers.Business discussions through international trunk calls arealso included in this category.Written negotiations often begin with enquires made by the buyers to get information about thegoods to be ordered such as quantity,specifications,prices,time of shipment and other terms.)
解析:解析:商务谈判有口头谈判和书面谈判两种形式。口头谈判是通过参加商品交易会、派遣贸易小组出国或邀请外国客户到本国进行的面对面的讨论,而通过国际长途电话所进行的商务讨论也属于口头谈判。书面谈判往往以买方询盘开始,发出询盘是为了了解欲定货物的有关信息,如,数量、规格、价格、装运时间和其他贸易条件。
27.Why is it necessary to revise Incoterms in 1990? (分数:2.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:The main reason for the 1990 revision of Incoterms was the desire to adapt terms to the increasing use of electronic datainterchange.In the 1990 version of Incoterms this is possible when the parties have to provide various documents(such as commercial invoices,documents needed for customs clearance as well as transport documents).)
解析:解析:1990年修订通则的主要原因是使贸易术语能够适应日益广泛使用的电子数据交换系统。按照《1990年国际贸易术语解释通则》,当事人可以通过电子数据交换系统提供各种单据(例如商业发票、清关单据和运输单据)。
28.Why was the Special Drawing Right created? (分数:2.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:Under the Bretton Woods System,people would hold dollars so long as they trusted the convertibility of the dollar intogold.With the increase of foreign dollar holdings to finance trade expansion,the faith of dollar holders decreased in the ability ofthe United States to redeem the dollar for gold.To reduce the demand for the dollar as a reserve currency,the special drawingright was created。)
解析:解析:在布雷顿森林体制下,只要相信美元可兑换成黄金,人们就会持有美元。贸易的增长需要更多的美元来支付。随着外国人持有的美元越来越多,他们对美国政府把美元兑换成黄金的信心却越来越低。特别提款权的创立就是为了减少对把美元作为储备货币的需求。 29.What contents should be included in a firm offer? (分数:2.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:In making a firm offer,mention should be made of the time of shipment and the mode of payment desired in addition toan exact description of the goods including the quantity,quality,specifications,packing,etc.The validity period is indispensable to a firm offer.) 解析:解析:在实盘中,除了准确地表述货物的数量、质量、规格、包装等外,还应该提到装运时间和所希望的付款方式。有效期对于实盘是不可缺少的。
六、 句子英译汉(总题数:2,分数:4.00)
30.A clean bill of lading is one which states that the goods have been shipped in apparent good order and condition. It is meant that the document is devoid of any qualifying remarks concerning the packing and the outer appearance of the goods. And the carrier admits full liability for the goods described in the bill of lading and is bound to carry the goods and deliver them in like condition in which he has received them. (分数:2.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:清洁提单指货物在表面状况良好的情况下装船,这意味着提单上未加注任何有关包装或货物外表不良的批注,承运人对于提单中描述的货物承诺全部责任,并有责任将货物以其收到时的状况运到目的地。)
解析:解析:本段为教材第十三课课文原文,翻译时注意以下商务术语和重要单词及短语:clean bill of lading:清洁提单;remarks:批注;packing:包装;outer appearance:外表;carrier:承运人;full liability:全部责任;the bill of lading:提单。
31.When the price of a foreign exchange goes too high, the central bank may increase its supply by selling it out of its foreign exchange reserves. And in the opposite case, it can buy the currency in the market to increase its reserves. (分数:2.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:当某种外币的交易价格过高时,中央银行会出售其外汇储备来增加此种外币的供给;反之,中央银行会从外汇市场买进该外币来充实其外汇储备。)
解析:解析:本段为教材第十七课课文原文,翻译时注意以下商务术语和重要单词及短语:foreign exchange:外币;centralbank:中央银行;foreign exchange reserves:外汇储备;supply:供给;currency:货币;market:市场。
七、 句子汉译英(总题数:5,分数:10.00)
32.在正常的市场交易中,由于使用货币及市场手段,货物的买与卖是分别进行的。 (分数:2.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:In normal market transactions buying and selling of goods are unbundled because of the use of money and the marketmeans.)
解析:解析:本题为教材第九课课后翻译题,翻译时注意以下商务术语和重要单词及短语:市场交易:market transactions;由于:because of;货币:money;市场:market。
33.国际股票交易所提供了一种途径,使人们的存款能够为那些需要资金的人所利用。 (分数:2.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:The International Stock Exchange provides a channel through which the savings can reach those who need finance.)
解析:解析:本句为教材第二十课课文原句,翻译时注意以下商务术语及重要单词及短语:国际股票交易所:InternationalStock Exchange;途径:channel;存款:savings;资金:finance。 34.光票信用证主要用于非贸易结算,而在商品贸易中一般使用跟单信用证付款。 (分数:2.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:Clean letters of credit age mainly used in non—trade settlement,while documentary credits are generally used in commodity trade.)
解析:解析:本句是教材第十二课课文原句,翻译时注意以下商务术语和重要单词及短语:光票信用证:clean letters of credit;非贸易结算:non—trade settlement;跟单信用证:documentary credits;商品贸易:commodity trade。
35.无论人们是否喜欢,经济全球化已成为世界经济发展中的一个客观趋势。 (分数:2.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:Like it or not,economic globalization has become an objective trend in world economic development.)
解析:解析:本句为教材第四课课文原句,翻译时注意以下商务术语和重要单词及短语:经济全球化:economic globalization;客观趋势:objective trend。
36.联合国的所有成员及联合国的所有专门机构的成员都是贸发会议的成员。 (分数:2.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:All members states of the United Nations and of its specialized agencies are members of the Conference.)
解析:解析:本句为教材第二十二课课文原句,翻译时注意以下商务术语和重要单词及短语:成员国:members states;专门机构:specialized agencies;贸发会议:the Conference(注意Conference此处首字母大写,特指贸发会议)。
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