状语从句2010.7.1

状语从句 分析以下句子

1.I recognized him the moment he came in. 2. Now that you are all here, let’s try and reach a decision.

3. Wherever he went, he was warmly welc ome. 4. We left early so that we could catch the first train. 5. The chair flew away so fast that you could not see it. 6. Y ou had better play one kind of music if you want to become famous.

7. They didn’t want to protect us even though tourists love to see us.

8. It looks as if/as though it is going to rai n. 9. If he cannot run as fast as me, he will be killed.

仔细分析以上例句，我们不难看出，划线部分在复合句中做了______。而划线部分又是一个分句，所以它们是______。它在复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词。它可以分为________、__________、_____________、____________、_____________、______、_______、________、________等状语从句。

状语从句歌诀

状语从句有多种，时间、条件、原因，结果最常用。从句如果表示时间，when, after, before走在前。状语从句表原因，because 前面来引导。状语从句表条件，if 前来去引导。结果状语从句也不难，so---that/ such---that 来分辨。主句通常前面走，从句紧紧跟后面。从句如在主句前，从句之后逗号点。

1. “一……就……”

1.1. I shall tell him the news as soon as he comes back． 1.2 Although we hadn't met for years，I recognized him the

minute/the moment/ the second/the instant I saw him．

1.3 Instantly/Directly/Immediately I arrived there I telephoned him.

1.4 You may leave immediately/instantly/ directly he comes 1.5 Soon after she got home she began to do housework． 1.6 Soon after leaving school, Li Ming went to settle down in the countryside．1.7 The bell had hardly rung when they went to the playground.

1.8 He had scarcely got home when it beg an to rain. 以上句子都表达了一-----就----的意思。 用多种方式翻译句子。

我一听到这个消息就立刻通知你了。 1

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___________________________________ 2. 有些名词或短语如the day, the week, the year, the spring, the summer, the autum n, the winter, every time, each time, next time, the first time, the last time，any time, all the time等可以引导时间状语从句,表示“那一天，那一周，每一次，第一次，最后一次，下次”等。

2.1 The day I left here, they all came to see me off. 我离开的那一天，他们都来给我送行。

2.2 You are welcome to come back any ti me you want to. 你什么时候想回来，我们都欢迎。

2.3 Every/Each time I was in trouble, he w ould come to help me.

2.4 Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here. 2.5 The last time she saw James, he was lying in bed. 2.6 The first time I climbed onto the wall, I felt nervous.

3. 如果---，假设---，只要----，

3.1 If you leave at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning, you’d better go to bed now.

3.2 Send a message in case you have any difficulty.

3.3 Supposing (that)/Suppose/ Providing/Prov ided this method does not work, what shall we do next?

3.4 As long as you don’t lose heart, you will succeed. 3.5 They agreed to lend us the car on con dition that/ only if we returned it before the weekend.

4. 连接词表示结果，因此，以至于

4.1 The shock was such that she was almost driven mad. 因为打击太大，她差点发疯。

4.2 The bus broke down, so that we had to walk home.

4.3 Mike is such an honest worker that we believe him.’ == Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him. 4.4 It is such fine weather that we all want to go the park.

== The weather is so fine that we all want to go the park. 4.5 He learned so little money that he couldn’t support his family.

4.6 He has so few friends that he often fee ls lonely 4.7 So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.

4.8 Such difficult problems were they that we couldn’t answer them.

用尽可能多的句式翻译：她非常美，大家都很喜欢她。 1

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_________________________________ 5. 既然，由于，因为

5.1 Since/ Now that you are all here, let’s begin our class. 5.2 I was angry because he made a serious mistake. 5.3 It must have rained last night, for it is wet all over.

5.4 We all like him as he is kind. 6. 尽管，即使

6.1 Although/Though it was expensive, we decided to buy the computer.

6.2 We decided to buy the computer, although/though it was expensive.

6.3 Although/Though they are very poor, they are kind. ( True) Although/Though they are very poor, but they are kind. ( False)

6.4 Clever though/as he is, she studies hard. 有以上例句可以看出，

1）_______与________ 意思相同，一般可以互换。

2）though 和although 不与_______ 连用。3）引导从句时，_________只用正常语序，________ 只用倒装语序，______二者皆可。

7. until/ unless

7.1. I d idn’t know anything about it until he told me. 7.2 Unless he told me，I had no idea of it. 7.3 You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard. === If you don’t study hard, you’ll fail the exam.

有以上例句看出 1)二者汉语意思不同，

unless___________, until___________. 2) unless 引导___________状语从句， until 引导___________状语从句。 8. since

8.1 It has rained a lot since I left.

8.2 I haven’t heard from him since he lived in Beijing .( 自从他不在北京以来，我一直没收到他的信。)

8.3 It is a month since he was in prison.

8.4 He has been teaching English since (it was )1998. 8.5 Since you have no license, you are not allowed to drive. 因为你没有驾照， 所以不允许开车。

总结：since 从句的谓语是终止性动词，意思是____________________________; 如果是延续性动词，意义是_______________ __________. 除此之外，since 还可以引导__ ____________状语从句。

9. before从句注意汉语意义

9.1 He had learned English for three years before he went to London.

他去伦敦前已学了三年英语。

9.2 He ran off before I could stop him. 还没来得及阻止他就跑掉了。

9.3 It was a long time before I went to Sleep again. 过了好久之后，我才再次入睡。

9.4 It will be a month before we take our examination. 我们离考试还有一个月。

9.5 It won’t be long before we meet again. 不久我们还会见面的。

10. while

10.1 He made many friends while/ when he was in Beijing . 10.2 While she loves her students, she is very strict with them. 10.3 10.2 My brother likes reading while I like watching TV.

由例句看出，while 可以引导_________ 和_______________状语从句, 还可以引导并列句，表示__________.

11. 省略

11.1 Once(he was) a worker, Pang Long now becomes a famous singer.

11.2 Send the goods now if (they are) ready.

11.3 Look out for cars while ( you are) crossing the street. 11.4 If ( it is) burnt, rubber can give off a poisonous gas.

总结：在时间、条件等状语从句中，如果主句主语和从句主语_____________，且含有be , 可以把从句主语和be 省略。

12. 祈使句+and/or

12.1 If you use your head, you’ll find the way . =Use your head, and you’ll find the way.

12.2 If you don’t work hard, you’ll fail in the exam. == Work hard, or you’ll fail in the exam. 在条件状语从句中，如果if 条件句是肯定句，可以改成祈使句+ _______ + 陈述句。如果if 条件句是否定句，可以改成祈使句+ ________+ 陈述句。

实战演练

(I) 仔细分析一下，下面的复合句中包含哪种状语从句，填在后面的括号里。

1. Child as she is, she knows a lot of things. （）

2. The more I can do for the class, the happier I’ll be. （） 3. He talks as if (as though) he knew all about it.（）

4. He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him.（）

5. I shall go to the park unless it rains. （）

6. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. （） 7. Where there is water, there is life. （）

8. He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates.（）

9. Since you are very busy, I won't trouble you.（） 10. Even if (though) I fail. I’ll never lose heart. （） 11. Once you begin the work, you must continue. （） 12. I will find her wherever she may be. （）

13. Now that you've come, you'd better have dinner with us.（）

14. He was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep. （） 15. We must do everything as he tells us.（） （II）用适当的连词填空：

1. Dr. Bethune (白求恩) came to China _ _________ he was fifty. 2. He began to work __________ he got t here.

3. Let's begin our meeting __________ever yone is here. 4. I like the English people, __________ I don't like their food. 5. __________ you go in China, you can see smiling faces. 6. He didn't come to the lecture, _______ ___ he was very busy. 7. __________we had enough time, we wa lked to the cinema. 8. They will help you __________ you m eet with difficulty. 9. _________ we came to the university, we have learnt quite a lot.

10. I didn't join them yesterday evening _ _________ I had to go to an important me eting.

11. We would try to get a car _________ we could all travel

together more easily. 12. She wouldn't forget her mother's birthd ay __________ she seldom wrote to her fa mily.

13. The meeting became so disorderly ___ _______ the speaker had to shout the audie nce down.

14. The boy was so tired __________ he fell asleep on the bus. 15. Hard _________ he tried, he couldn’t force the door open. (III) 从下面四个选项中选出最佳选项。1._____ hard she tries, she can hardly avo id making mistakes in her homework.

A. Much B. However C. As D. Although

2. Poor _____ it may be, there is no place like home, _____ you may go.

A. as; wherever B. though; whenever C. in spite of; when D. that; wherever

3. The child was __ immediately after supper. A. enough tired to go to bed B. too tired to go to bed C. so tired that he went to bed D. very tired, he went to bed

4. The history of nursing __ the history of man. A. as old as B. is old than C. that is as old as D. is as old as

5. _____ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.

A. Since B. Once C. When D. Although

6._____ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly vis ible.

A. As B. Although C. Unless D. In spite of

7. Scarcely w as George Washington in his teens _____ his father died.

A. than B. as C. while D. when

8. _____ David goes, he is welcome. A. Whichever B. However C. Wherever D. Whatever

9. The house stood _____ there had been a rock. A. which B. at which C. when D. where

10. Small _____ it is, the pen is a most useful tool. A. because B. so C. if

D. as

11. After the new technique was introduce d, the factory produced _____ tractors in 1988 as the year before.

A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as

12. The piano in the other shop will be _ ____, but _____. A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheap; not as better C. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good

13. John plays football _____, if not better than, David. A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as

14. Although he is considered a great writ er,_______________. A. his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read C. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read

15. ___ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As

16.—What was the party like? —Wonderful. It' s years _____ I enjoyed myself so much.

A. after

B. when C. before D. since

17. It was not _____ she took off her dark glasses _____ I realized she was a f amous film star.

A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then

18. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _____ great it is.

A. what B. how C. however D. whatever

19. After the war, a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a t heatre.

A. that B. where C. which D. when

20._____, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late is he B. However he is late C. However is he late D. However late he is

21. -----Mum, what did your doctor say? -----He advised me to lie ____ the air is f resher.

A. in where B. in which

C. the place where D. where

22. ------ Why didn’t you tell him about t he meeting? ---- He rushed out of the room ____ I co uld say a word. A. until B. when C. after D. before

23. ____ you’ve tried it, you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.

A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When

24. In time of serious accidents, ____ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives.

A. whether B. until C. if D. unless

25. We won’t keep winning games ____ we keep playing well. A. because B. unless C. when D. while

26. This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it ____. A. no matter how it may cost B. how may it cast C. how much may it cost D. however much it may cost

27. --- How long do you think it will be ____ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?

----- Perhaps two or three years. A. when B. until C. that D. before

28. _____ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem( 生态系统) to recover.

A. Even if B. If only C. While D. Once

29. Engines are to machines ____ hearts are to animals. A. as B. that C. what D. which

30. How can you expect to learn anything ____ you never listen?

A. in case B. even if C. unless D. when (IV) 英汉互译。

1. So terrible was the storm that whole ro ofs were ripped off． 2. It’s ages since I sailed／have sailed a boat．

3. Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.

4. No matter what happened , we would not mind.

5. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water it looks as if (as though) it were bro ken.(虚拟语气)

6. 无论人们多么富有，他们似乎总还渴望赚到更多的钱。 7. 他喝了咖啡没多一会儿，就犯困了。 8既然汤姆懂法语，最好让他来谈。 9. 你最好在不懂的地方做个记号。

10. 无论你什么时候想回来，我们都欢迎。（V）

写作中能合理、正确地使用状语从句，不但能地道的表达英文习惯，而且还能使文体结构更加严谨、美观。例如下文：

My hobby

The hobby I enjoy most is fishing.

I started fishing (1)when I was five years old. I’ll never forget the day (2)when my f ather first took me fishing with him. On th at day, I was holding a fishing rod (3)whe n a fish suddenly started pulling on the lin e. (4)I was so shocked that I fell into the water. But experience didn’t put me off an d I have been fishing ever since.

Now I still go fishing with my father. An d we often go out on Sundays and spend t he whole day fishing in the river.

(1)是由when引导的时间状语从句，这类从句的使用频率很高。 (2)句是由I’ll never forget the day .及w hen my father first took me fishing with hi m.两局组成。When在从句中做时间状语。

(3)句也是由when 引导的时间状语从句。When 常与suddenly 连用，主句常用过去进行是。译为“正在……, 忽然……”. (4)是以so…that…(太…..以至于)

参考答案

（I）1. Child as she is, she knows a lot of things. 让步

2. The more I can do for the class, the happier I’ll be.比较 3. He talks as if (as though) he knew all about it.方式

4. He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him.结果

5.I shall go to the park unless it rains. 条件

6. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.时间 7. Where there is water, there is life.地点

8. He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates.目的

9. Since you are very busy, I won't trouble you.原因 10. Even if (though) I fail, I’ll never lose heart.让步

11. Once you begin the work, you must continue.时间 12. I will find her wherever she may be. 让步

13. Now that you've come, you'd better have dinner with us.原因

14. He was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep.结果 15. We must do everything as he tells us.方式 (II) 用适当的连词填空： 1. when; 2. as soon as; 3. as; 4. though; 5. Wherever; 6. because; 7. Since; 8. when ever;

9. Since; 10. because; 11. so that; 12. though; 13. that; 15. that; 15. as

（III）选出最佳选项。 1~5 BACDD 6--10 ADCDD

11~15 CCBAD 16~20 DBCBD 21—25. DDACB 26-30 DDDCD （IV）英汉互译

1. 暴风真可怕，把整个的屋顶全都刮飞了。2．我未驾驶帆船已有好多年了。

3. 考虑到他们是初学者，他们干得算很不错的了。 4. 无论发生什麽事，我都不会介意

5. 当一支铅笔被部分放在水中时，它看起来好象被折断了。(虚拟语气)

6. However rich people are，they always seem anxious to make more money．

7. No sooner had he drunk the coffee than he began to feel drowsy.

8. Seeing that Tom knows French，he’d better do the talking．

9. You’d better make a mark where you don’t understand. 10. You are welcome to come back any time you want to. 10. You are welcome to come back any t