大学英语四级(语法与词汇)练习试卷109(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语四级（语法与词汇）练习试卷109 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有： 7. Vocabulary and Grammar

Vocabulary and GrammarDirections: There are some incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.

1． The mayor made a ______ speech at the opening ceremony of the sport meeting, which encouraged the sportsmen greatly.

A．vigorous B．tiring C．flat D．harsh

正确答案：A

解析：本题考核形近形容词辨析使用。题意为：市长在运动会开幕式上作了一番铿锵有力的演讲，演讲大大鼓舞了运动员们。vigorous意为“朝气蓬勃的，铿锵有力的”，所以答案选A。选项中flat和tiring意为“枯燥的，乏味的”，如：Everything seems flat since Robert left．罗伯特走了之后，一切似乎都变得枯燥无味了。harsh意为“残酷的，严厉的”，如：harsh punishment严厉的惩罚。 知识模块：语法与词汇

2． ______ the balcony, it could have saved me a lot of troubles. A．Have I known B．Had I known C．I have known D．I had known

正确答案：B 解析：本题考核形近形容词辨析使用。题意为：如果我早知道这个阳台的话，就能给我省不少麻烦。这是对过去虚拟语气。在条件句中，如果省略if，原来的条件句通常要变成倒装句，如：Had I known you were coming today，I would have met you at the airport．如果我知道你今天来，我就会到机场接你了。选项中，B是正确答案。 知识模块：语法与词汇

3． I couldn’t sleep last night because the tap in the bathroom was______. A．draining B．dropping C．spilling D．dripping

正确答案：D

解析：动词辨析 drain 表示“排走，排去…的水”：dig a deep ditch to drain the fields 挖条深沟排去田里的水：spill 表示“(使)溢出，(使)洒落”：He spilled his drink on his leg．他把饮料洒到了腿上。drip表示“滴”：Her finger was dripping blood．她的手指在流血。 知识模块：语法与词汇

4． If you find such a flower, you are ______ enabled to have several days of good luck.

A．likely B．assuredly C．inevitably D．supposedly

正确答案：D

解析：此题是副词辨析。likely，很可能的，合适的，可靠的，有希望的；assuredly，确定无疑地，有把握地；inevitably,不可避免地；supposedly，想象地；据推测，大概，假定地。 知识模块：语法与词汇

5． What is now the United States might have been divided into several countries ______ the South ______ the Civil War.

A．had, won B．if, won C．should, win D．were, to win

正确答案：A

解析：本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句。If从句的动词形式是had+过去分词；若订省略，须将had移至主语前形成倒装，所以A正确。B是对现在情况的假设，C和D是对将来情况的假设，都不符合题意。这句话的意思是：在美国内战时，如果南方取胜的话，现在所称谓的合众国或许早就分裂成好几个国家了。 知识模块：语法与词汇

6． The puppet power only survived the riotous (造反的) officer ______. A．with six days B．by six days C．during six days D．in six days

正确答案：B

解析：这里动词survive的意思是：比．．．活得长，与by时间短语连用。例如：The old woman survived her husband by five years．这位老妇人比她的老伴多活了五年。所以B：by six days是正确答案。这句话的意思是：那个傀儡政权仅比那个造反的军官多生存了六天。 知识模块：语法与词汇

7． A large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is

______ conditions or events.

A．in response to B．in favour of C．in contrast to D．in excess of

正确答案：A

解析：本题考核介词短语辨析使用。A in response/answer to“响应，反映，回答”。题意为：大多数分人类活动，尤其是和环境有关的活动，都是对条件、环境或事物的一种反映。in favour of“赞同，支持”；in contrast to/with“与……形成对比”；in excess of“超过，多于”。只有符合题意。 知识模块：语法与词汇

8． Let us hope that ______ a nuclear war, the human race might still survive. A．in the event of B．with reference to C．in relation to D．in the case of

正确答案：C

解析：in the event of“如果发生……的话”；with reference to“(尤指商业)关于”：in relation to“关于”；in case和in case of是固定短语，但中间没有定冠词，意为“假使，万一”。 知识模块：语法与词汇

9． The main holiday was once confined to August; now it ______ into September.

A．expands B．extends C．enlarges D．amplifies

正确答案：B 解析：题意是：主要的假期曾被限制在八月；现在它______到九月。[B]extends“延长，延伸”，一般用于指时间的延长，符合题意。[A]expands“扩大，扩张”，[C]enlarges“放大，增大”， [D]amplifies“扩大，放大”都不符合题意。 知识模块：语法与词汇

10． The novel Pride and Prejudice is a favorite ______ my sister. She has read it for five times.

A．of B．with C．to D．for

正确答案：B

解析：小说《傲慢与偏见》是我姐姐最喜欢的一本书。她已经读过五遍了。favorite作名词时，意为“最受喜欢的人或物”，短语a favorite with sb．表示“某人最喜欢的人或物”。 知识模块：语法与词汇

11． They expected that several hundred guests would attend the opening ceremony, but only ______ people actually showed up.

A．a great number of B．large amounts of C．a dozen of D．a crowd of

正确答案：C

解析：此题考点为表示数量的短语。四个选项的意思是：a great number of许多，与可数名词连用；large amounts of：许多，与不可数名词连用；a dozen of一打，十二；a crowd of一群(人)，许多(东西)。本句的意思是：“他们预计有几百人会出席开幕式，但实际上只来了一二十人”。所以C最恰当。词组show up=be present (at)出现，出席。 知识模块：语法与词汇

12． For ______ football players, injuries are an occupational hazard which seems unaviodable.

A．academic B．professional C．dramatic D．additional

正确答案：B

解析：题意是：对______足球运动员来说，受伤似乎是一种不可避免的职业危险。 [B]professional“专业的，职业的”，符合题意。[A]academic“学院的，学术的”，[C] dramatic“戏剧性的”，[D]additional“附加的”都不符合题意。 知识模块：语法与词汇

13． The insurance money ______ her for the tragic death of her husband. A．comfort B．persuade C．compel D．confirm

正确答案：A 解析：本题考核动词辨析使用。A comfort“安慰，使舒适”，comfort sb．for/with sth．对/用…安慰某人…。符合句意：保险公司的赔款减轻了她对丈夫惨死的悲哀。B persuade“劝说，说服”，persuade sb．to do sth．/persuade sb．of sth．；C compel“强迫，使屈服”，如：Bad health compelled her to resign from her job．身体不好迫使她辞职。D confirm“证实，确认，批准，使有效”，如：The 知识模块：语

法与词汇

14． The performance of this reasonably priced record player is ______ in quality to that of some more expensive hi-fi sets.

A．comparable B．comparative C．compatible D．competitive

正确答案：A 解析：形容词词义及搭配用法辨析。解析comparable与to连用时，表示“比得上的”；与with连用时，表示”可比较的，类似的”：如：His poetry is hardly comparable with Shakespeare’s。他的诗很难与莎士比亚的相比。comparative比较而言的，相当的；compatible能共存的，相容的；competitive竞争性的。 知识模块：语法与词汇

15． You’d better do more physical exercise in order to get rid of some of your ______ fat.

A．comparable B．additional C．surplus D．abundant

正确答案：C 解析：题意是：你最好多做些运动来帮助你减少一些______脂肪。[C]surplus“过剩的，过多的”，符合题意。[A]comparable“可比较的，比得上的”，[B]additional“另外的”，[D]abundant“充足的”均不符合题意。 知识模块：语法与词汇

16． Their wedding will be quite an ______ i.e. a large number of people will attend.

A．accident B．occurrence C．incident D．event

正确答案：D

解析：近义词辨析。accident、occurrence、incident和event都含“事件”的意思。accident意为“意外事件，事故”，指偶然或意料不到而发生的事件或灾难，如：There have been many railway accidents this year． (今年曾发生多起火车车祸。)occurrence意为“事件，事情”，指日常事件，为中性词，如：Accidents are an everyday occurrence at this corner．(在这个拐角处发生事故是常有的事。)incident意为“事件，事变”，通常指不太重要的事情，有时还可以指冲突或不和，如：You do not have to write down every little incident in your life．(你不必把生活中的每一件事都记录下来。)event意为“事件，事变，大事”，常指重

大或重要的事件，如：Two events received national attention during the year．(那一年发生了两件引起国民注意的大事。) 知识模块：语法与词汇

17． Buying such a streamline car has always been ______ his dreams. A．under B．over C．above D．beyond

正确答案：A

解析：本题考核介词辨析。句意为：购买这样一辆流线型轿车，他连做梦都不敢想。选项中 under，over和above后跟名词或代词，用于表示具体数量或具体方位等。beyond后跟名词，一般表示抽象意义的超出，beyond one’s dream意为：做梦都想不到或做梦都不敢想。类似的表达方式还有：beyond one’s description(难以描述)，beyond one’s imagination(难以想象)等。 知识模块：语法与词汇

18． The novel Harry Potter is written from the ______ of a child. A．perspective B．prospective C．perceptive D．primitive

正确答案：A

解析：小说《哈里·波特》是从儿童的视角来写的。perspective意为“视角，观点，想法；远景，景观；透视画法，透视图”；短语from the perspective of为固定搭配，同from the viewpoint of，意为 “从……的观点来看”。 prospective“未来的，盼望中的；预期的”；perceptive“感觉敏锐的，观察入微的”；primitive“原始的；古老的，旧式的，简单的”。 知识模块：语法与词汇

19． It rarely rains in the desert, but ______ it rains a lot in the coastal areas. A．in contrast B．on the contrary C．on the whole D．on the other hand

正确答案：D

解析：逻辑关系题：转折。but使语义形成转折，[D]on the other hand意为“另一方面”，符合句意，所以[D]为答案。[A]in contrast“对比，比较”；[B] on the contrary“相反地”和but重复；[C] on the whole“大体上，基本上”。 知识模块：语法与词汇

20． People of one culture who move to a country where another culture dominates may ______ their old ways and become part of the dominant culture.

A．keep up B．give up

C．look black at D．clear away

正确答案：B

解析：测试动词短语的用法。keep up意为：“继续；坚持；保持；维持”；give up，意为：“放弃(念头、希望等)，停止，抛弃，认输，把…送交”；look black at意为：“怒视”；clear away意为：“清除，消失”。 知识模块：语法与词汇