2020年高考英语易错题集锦 动词与动词短语

一、完形填空（题型注释）

The cultures of the East and the West really disting­uish from each other a lot.This is because the culture systems are two separate systems ____.

The origin of the eastern cultures is mainly from two countries：China and India.Both of the two cultures are gestated(孕育) by ___.In China，the mother river is the Yellow River ___ the Indian one is the Hindu River.These two cultures were ____ for several thousand years and formed their own styles.Then in the Tang Dynasty of China，the Chinese culture ____ went overseas to Japan，____ into the Japanese society and ___ the Japanese culture nowadays.Though a bit different from the Chinese one，it ____ to the same system.

When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture，another famous culture was ____ on the Mesopotamian Plain(美索不达米亚平原)—the Mesopotamian Civilization.This civilization later on developed into the cultures of the Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.And these two are well­known as the ____ of the European culture.____ the Chinese culture，the European one also ____ waters.When the colonists of England ____ in America，their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean.So the American culture doesn’t ___ from the European one a lot.

At the same time，the ____ of the language systems adds to the cultural differences.In the East，most languages belong to the pictographic(象形文字的) languages while the Western languages are ____ based on the Latin system，for example，the one I’m using to write this paper.

Other factors like human race difference ____ as well.However，___ the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West，the two cultures seldom ___ until recent centuries.____ they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference(干扰) from the other.

1．A.above all B．on the whole C．in all D．in no case 2．A.mountains B．plains C．lakes D．rivers 3．A.or B．for C．while D．when

4．A.developed B．improved C．created D．protected 5．．A.suddenly B．quietly C．gradually D．naturally

6．A.mixed B．changed C．decided D．forced

7．A.expanded B．interrupted C．influenced D．shaped

8．A.comes B．belongs C．amounts D．adds

9．A.brought up B．carried out C．given out D．picked up 10．A.result B．sign C．base D．content 11．A.Via B．Except

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C．With 12．A.affected C．crossed 13．A.joined up C．broke down 14．A.come C．result 15．．A.difference C．appearance 16．A.properly C．simply 17．A.last C．reduce 18．A.in terms of C．as to 19．A.transform C．communicate 20．A.Furthermore C．Therefore

D．Like

B．spread D．formed

B．went up D．settled down B．suffer D．differ

B．development D．feature

B．partly D．mostly

B．count D．change B．due to D．in case of

B．display D．distinguish B．Meanwhile D．However

【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．C 13．D 14．D 15．A 16．D 17．B 18．B 19．C 20．C 【解析】 1． B

解析 下文都是与两种不同的文化体系有关，说明这是造就文化差异总的原因，故选择on the whole。above all首先；in all总共，总计；in no case决不。 2． D

解析 根据下文“...the mother river is the Yellow River...”和“...the Hindu River.”可知。

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3． C

解析 while表示对比。中国的母亲河是黄河，而印度的则是印度河。 4． A

解析 与下文“...formed their own styles.”为承接关系，前者指的是两种文化的发展。同时与第三段第二句“This civilization later on developed into the cultures of the Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.”相呼应。improve提高；create创造；protect保护。 5． C

解析 文化传播应是逐渐的。故选择gradually。 6． A

解析 唐朝文化传播到日本，与日本文化融合。 7．D

解析 中日两种文化的融合，进而形成了现在的日本文化。shape使成为……形状，塑造，符合语境。expand扩展；interrupt中断；influence影响。 8． B

解析 根据上句日本文化的形成可知，中日文化虽有较大差异，但仍属于同一文化体系。 9． A

解析 与上句中的“When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture...”相对应，另一种文化孕育于美索不达米亚平原。bring up培养，孕育，符合语境。carry out执行；give out分发；pick up学会。 10． C

解析 古希腊和古罗马文化是欧洲文化的根基(base)。result结果；sign迹象；content内容。 11． D

解析 由下文中的also可知，西方文化的传播像中国文化一样也越过了海洋。 12． C

解析 下文举的例子说明欧洲文化也跨越了海洋。 13． D

解析 英国殖民者登陆美洲定居下来。settle down定居，符合语境。 14． D

解析 从上文欧洲文明与美洲文明的渊源来看，美洲文化和欧洲文化应无很大区别。 15． A

解析 由下文可知，该段主要说明语言的差异。 16． D

解析 在东方，大多数的语言属于象形语言，而大多数的西方语言都是从拉丁语系演变过来。properly确切地；partly部分地；simply仅仅。 17． B

解析 句意为：其他一些因素诸如人种上的差异(在东西方文化差异形成上)也产生了重要影响。count值得考虑，符合语境。 18． B

解析 因为东西方之间远隔千山万水，路途又颇为险峻，所以直到最近几个世纪二者才开始有交流。前半句是原因，后半句是结果。 19． C

解析 此处指两种文化的交流(communicate)。transform改变；display展示；distinguish区分，均与语意不符。 20． C

解析 前面一句提到的是原因。本句提到的是结果：这两种文化都是在互不干扰的情况下按照各自的模式形成并发展。therefore因此，符合语境。

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评卷人 得分 二、单项选择（题型注释）

21． It is said that our headmaster is going to _______ the students _______ as party

A. accept; accepted B. receive; received C. accept; received 【答案】D

【解析】 考查receive和accept的用法。receive有“接收、接见”之意,accept...as意为“吸纳……为”。accepted是过去分词作定语。 22．

My father gives me five hundred yuan a month which I think can____ all my expenses. A. meet B. contain C. include D. cover

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A“满足”；B“包含”；C“包括”；D“包括，涉及，负担支付，够付”。句意“我爸爸每个月给我500元，我想这可能够我的花费了。”。故选D。 23．

A study shows that _______ a boarding school would help students cultivate (培养) their independence while being away from their parents. A. attending B. admitting C. applying D. admiring 【答案】A 【解析】 24．

--- I forgot to do my homework. Don’t tell the teacher.

--- I won’t tell anybody, but do you think you can _______ it? A. get away from B. break away from C. get away with D. run away from 【答案】C

【解析】考查情景交际。“我忘记做作业了。不要告诉老师。”“我不会告诉任何人，但是你认为你能侥幸逃脱吗？”A“避免，逃离”；B“放弃，脱离......”；C“侥幸逃脱”；D“从......逃出”。故选C。 25．

93. You can _____ yourself _____ an opinion freely at the class meeting. A. take; on B. declare; of C. deliver; of D. deliver; out 【答案】C 【解析】

26．Can you give me an example to show how the AAA model ? A. goes B. affects C. works D. uses 【答案】C

【解析】四个选项分别表示前进、影响、工作和用，根据题意选C，你能给我举个例子展示一下AAA模型是如何工作的吗？

27．As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer to ______ the problem.

A. handle B. raise C. face D. present 【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A. handle“解决 = settle；（用手）抓/拿/碰”； B. raise“提出；使…上升”； C.face“面对；面朝”； D. present“提出；授予”，该句句意：

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“因为这儿没人知道这台机器哪儿出了毛病，所以我们必须去请一位工程师来‘解决’这个问题。”，故正确答案为A. 考点：动词辨析

28．Our car broke down suddenly and the heavy rain our helplessness. A. made out B. led to C. turned out D. added to 【答案】D 【解析】考查短语辨析。made out 分辨出，led to 导致，turned out 结果是，added to 增加，句意：我们的车突然出故障了，并且大雨增加了我们的无助。所以选D。

29．When I walked past the street, seeing the children playing happily, their happy laughter _______memories of my childhood.

A. called in B. called for C. called on D. called up 【答案】D

【解析】call up表示“唤起; 使人响起”， call for表示“需要”， call on表示“号召”， call in表示“召集”，句意为：……他们欢快的笑声使我回忆起童年时代的情景，因此答案为D 。 30．—What about the student in your class, Mr. Wang?

—The doctor said that ________ sleep caused him poor memory and poor concentration.

A. lacking of B. lacked in C. lacking D. lack for 【答案】C 【解析】

试题分析：这里缺少的是主语，当lack是动词时，后面直接跟名词。句意：--你班的学生怎么样，王老师？--医生说缺少睡眠导致记忆力和注意力下降。 考点：考查动词的用法。

点评：本题难度适中。动词的考查面比较多，可以考查它们的时态语态及意义，对于近义词可以考查它们的区别。

即学即练：The plant died for ________ water.

A. lack of B. lacked in C. lacking D. lack for 解析：A。句意：植物因缺水而枯死了。

31．My parents ____in 1956, they _____for 20 years. A．married, married

B. married, have got married. C. got married, have been married D. married, got married 【答案】C

【解析】本题考查marry的用法。marry 与get married 强调动作，不能与表示时间段的状语连用；be married 强调状态,可与表示时间段的状语连用。

32．---Wow, so many books here! How can you find the one you need? ---That’s easy. The books are according to subject． A. judged B. associated C. classified D. obtained 【答案】C

【解析】本题考查动词辨析。--“这么多书，你是怎么找到你要的书的？---很简单。这些书都是按话题分类的。”classify将……分类;将……分等级。 33．The happy news quickly ______ through the whole village. A. was spread B. were spreading C. spread D. had been spread 【答案】C 【解析】

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试题分析：本题考查被动语态。News与spread之间为主动关系，故不需用被动。句意：这条好消息很快传遍了整个村庄。故C正确。 考点：考查动词

34． The boss stressed again that the secretary should not __________ any important details while taking notes at the meeting. A. leave out B. let out C. bring out D. make out 【答案】A

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A. leave out遗漏；省去；不考虑；B. let out发出（叫声等）；（把衣服）放长；加宽；C. bring out生产；出版；使显现；D. make out辨认出；理解；该句句意为：老板再次强调秘书在做会议记录时，不要遗漏任何重要的细节。故该题正确答案为A. 考点：动词短语辨析

35．Affected by the financial crisis, Jack's business is not as good as before, so he has to ________ the expenses of his company.

A. cut off B. cut away C. cut up D. cut down 【答案】D 【解析】

试题分析：A. cut off 切断B. cut away 砍掉 C. cut up切碎 D. cut down砍倒，削减；句意：由于经融危机的影响，杰克的生意没有以前那么好了，所以他不得不削减他公司的开支，故选D 考点：动词固定短语辨析

点评：词义辨析考的是学生的基础词汇知识，了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，解答此类习题，首先要求学生有一定的词汇量，句意理解后便可作答，所以平时的基础知识记忆，词汇积累是解答好这种题的关键，同时要注意这些动词加副词的短语，如果后面接代词作宾语时要放在动词和副词之间。 评卷人 得分 三、单词拼写（题型注释）

根据下列各句句意和空白之后的汉语提示词，在答题卡指定区域的横线上写出对应单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。

36．I would be __________(感激) if you could give me some advice. 37．I can _________(辨认出) his voice on the phone.

38．The _________（坚定的）look on her face shows that she will never give up. 39．About 200 people are _________(围困)under the ruins.

40．The job and the pay from the government are my _________（回报）. 41． All the ___________(艺术家)are coming from western countries.

42．Her being __________(录取) to the key school made her parents happy. 43．___________(就我个人而言), I think our team will win the match. 44．I’m ___________(保护) myself from mosquitoes.

45．Fans showed their _________(热爱) by waiting outside for hours.

【答案】 36．grateful 37．recognize

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38．determined 39．trapped 40．reward 41．artists 42．admitted 43．Personally 44．protecting 45．devotion 【解析】 试题分析：

36．如果你给我一些建议，我会很感激。考查形容词“感激的”grateful 37．在电话中我能辨认出他的声音。考查动词“识别，认出”：recognize

38．她脸上坚定的表情表示她永远不会放弃。考查形容词“坚定的”determined 39．200个人被困在废墟下面。考查动词：围困trap，这里用过去分词，表示被动。trapped 40．这个工作和的报酬是我的回报。考查名词“回报”reward

41．所有的艺术家都来自西方国家。考查名词“艺术家”，artist，因为是all the，后面接可数名词复数。artists

42．她被重点学校录取使父母很高兴。考查词组“被录取”be admitted to

43．就我个人而言，我认为我们队一定会赢得比赛。考查副词：“就我个人而言”Personally

44．我正保护自己不受蚊子咬。考查动词“保护”：protect，这里和be动词连用用现在分词：protecting

45．粉丝在外面等了几个小时表示他们的热爱。考查名词“热爱”devotion 考点：考查单词拼写

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