2007年11月二级笔译实务试题[1]

HONG KONG, July 25 (Xin hua) -- At the ongoing Asia Cultural Co-operation Forum (ACCF) 2007, speakers from all over the world joined theWorld Creativity Summit session which closed here Wednesday sharing theirviews on arts education.

The Summit was themed \"Arts Education: from pedagogy to sustainablefutures.\" Director of Audience Development of the National Arts Council ofSingapore Chua Ai Liang said that arts play an important role in enrichingthe lives of Singaporeans as it can evoke greater sense of fulfillment and opendoors to new experiences.

With globalization and today's knowledge-based societies, creativity is apowerful resource for innovations but its potential has yet to be tapped to itsfullest, Chua said, adding that the arts are recognized for its value in inspiringcreativity. It can be harnessed by the public and business sectors forspawning creative communities, creating new values and generating ideaswith new economic values.

She said that the arts also have a special role to play in community-building, promoting intercultural understanding especially in ethnically-divers Singapore. It is an effective means to express shared values andpromote the nation's identity.

The National Arts Council of Singapore has got a mission to make arts anintegral part of lives of Singaporeans. It is important to advocate anddemonstrate the importance of arts participation and further strengthencreative partnerships to bring arts and creativity to the center of everyone'slives, she added.

Professor of the Shanghai Theater Academy of China Sun Huizhu dealtwith the topic of teaching for creativity in his speech, saying that in mostChinese schools the traditional pedagogical model is centered in monologue,that is, the teacher lectures and students listen and they try their best tomemorize so they can take exams well, and the greatest problem is lack ofcreativity and original work.

According to Sun, the essence of theater is dialog which can be used totransform the Chinese education system. He suggested to turn pastime retreatand holiday celebrations into theater games and forum theater and graduallymake theater part of their lifelong education.

Cheung Ping Kuen, head of Liberal Arts Studies of the

Academy of Performing Arts, agreed that drama education can help open uppeople's mind.

People in modern days are always terribly busy and, on the other hand,have some feelings of loneliness, frustration, weariness and even impotence,which might have been spread around the young generation to a certainextent. While traditional formal education seems incapable to help thissituation, said Cheung.

He said that drama education allows people to share and communicatewith others peacefully and to enjoy life and that this is the best way togestate creativity. This explained why drama and all sorts of drama educationare so important nowadays.

2007年11月11日二级笔译实务考试真题

【英译汉必译题】

Milton Friedman, Free Markets Theorist, Dies at 94.

Milton Friedman, the grandmaster of free-market economic theory in thepostwar era and a prime force in the movement of nations toward lessgovernment and greater reliance on individual responsibility, died today in SanFrancisco, where he lived. He was 94.

Conservative and liberal colleagues alike viewed Mr. Friedman, a Nobelprize laureate, as one of the 20th century’s leading economic scholars, on a parwith giants like John Maynard Keynes and Paul Samuelson.

Flying the flag of economic conservatism, Mr. Friedman led the postwarchallenge to the hallowed theories of Lord Keynes, the British economist whomaintained that governments had a duty to help capitalistic economies throughperiods of recession and to prevent boom times from exploding into highinflation.

In Professor Friedman’s view, government had the opposite obligation: tokeep its hands off the economy, to let the free market do its work.

The only economic lever that Mr. Friedman would allow government to usewas the one that controlled the supply of money — a monetarist view that hadgone out of favor when he embraced it in the 1950s. He went on to record a

signal achievement, predicting the unprecedented combination of risingunemployment and rising inflation that came to be called stagflation. His workearned him the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science in 1976.

Rarely, his colleagues said, did anyone have such impact on both his ownprofession and on government. Though he never served officially in the halls ofpower, he was always around them, as an adviser and theorist.

“Among economic scholars, Milton Friedman had no peer,” Ben S.Bernanke, the Federal Reserve chairman, said today. “The direct and indirectinfluences of his thinking on contemporary monetary economics would bedifficult to overstate.”

Alan Greenspan, the former Federal Reserve chairman, said of Mr. Friedmanin an interview on Tuesday. “From a longer-term point of view, it’s hisacademic achievements which will have lasting import. But I would not dismissthe profound impact he has already had on the American public’s view.”Mr. Friedman had a gift for communicating complicated ideas in simple andlucid ways, and it served him well as the author or co-author of more than adozen books, as a columnist for Newsweek from 1966 to 1983 and even as thestar of a public television series.

【英译汉二选一】试题1

Panama goes to polls on upgrade for canal

PANAMA CITY: Voters were expected Sunday to approve the largestmodernization project in the 92-year history of the Panama Canal, a $5.25billion plan to expand the waterway to allow for larger ships while alleviatingtraffic problems.

The government of President Martín Torrijos has billed the referendum ashistoric, saying the work would double the capacity of a canal already onpace to generate about $1.4 billion in revenue this year. Critics claim theexpansion would benefit the canal's customers more than Panamanians, andworry that costs could balloon, forcing this debt- ridden country to borroweven more.

The project would build a third set of locks on the Pacific and Atlanticends of the canal by 2015, allowing it to handle modern container ships,cruise liners and tankers too large for its locks, which are 33 meters, or 108

feet, wide.

The Panama Canal Authority, the autonomous government agency thatruns the canal, says the project would be paid for by increasing tolls andwould generate $6 billion in revenue by 2025.

There is nothing Panamanians are more passionate about than the canal.\"It's incomparable in the hemisphere,\" said Samuel Lewis Navarro, thecountry's vice president and foreign secretary. \"It's in our heart, part of oursoul.\"

Public opinion polls indicate that the plan would be approvedoverwhelmingly. Green and white signs throughout the country read \"Yes forour children,\" while tens of thousands of billboards and bumper stickerstrumpet new jobs.

\"The canal needs you,\" television and radio ads implore.

\"It will mean more boats, and that means more jobs,\" said DamascoPolanco, who was herding cows on horseback in Nuevo Provedencia, on thebanks of Lake Gatún, an artificial reservoir that supplies water to the canal.The canal employs 8,000 workers and the expansion is expected togenerate as many as 40,000 new jobs. Unemployment in Panama is 9.5percent, and 40 percent of the country lives in poverty.

But critics fear that the expansion could cost nearly double thegovernment's estimate, as well as stoke corruption and uncontrolled debt.\"The poor continue to suffer while the rich get richer,\" said José FelixCastillo, 62, a high school teacher who was one of about 3,000 supporterswho took to Panama City's streets to protest the measure on Friday.

Lewis Navarro noted that a portion of the revenue generated by each tonof cargo that passes through the waterway goes to education and socialprograms.

\"We aren't talking about 40 percent poverty as a consequence of thecanal,\" he said. \"It's exactly the opposite.\"试题2【缺】

【汉译英】【试题一】

旅游是一项集观光、娱乐、健身为一体的愉快而美好的活动。旅游业随着时代进步而不断发展。

20世纪中叶以来，现代旅游在世界范围内迅速兴起，旅游人数不断增加，旅游产业规模持续扩大，旅游经济地位提升，旅游活动愈益成为各国人民交流文化、增进友谊、扩大交往的重要渠道，对人类活动和社

会进步发生越来越广泛的影响。

古往今来，旅游一直是人们增长知识、丰富阅历、强健体魄的美好追求。

在古代，中国先哲们就提出了“观国之光”的思想，倡导“读万卷书，行万里路”，游历名山大川，承天地之灵气，接山水之精华。【试题一参考译文】

【试题二】

从1979到2004年实行改革开放这27年里，中国发生了巨大的变化。经济每年增长9.4%，居民消费每年增长7%，进出口每年增长16.7%。2004年国民经济总产值达1.94 万亿美元，进出口总额达1.18万亿美元。我们已经基本上建立了社会主义市场经济。我们的生产力和综合国力在不断提高。社会各项事业蓬勃发展，人民生活实现了从温饱到小康这一历史性的飞跃。

如何在全球化加快的新形势下，从中国的实际出发，抓住机遇，迎接挑战，保持持续、快速、和谐和全面社会经济发展，是值得我们密切关注的重大战略略问题。经过多年的实践和探索，我们找到了一条既符合中国实际和时代发展趋势又反映人民愿望的发展道路。这就是具有中国特色的社会主义道路。我们将沿着这条道路坚定不移地奋勇前进。

【试题二参】

The past 27 years of reform and opening up have brought about

tremendous changes from 1979 to 2004, on annual average, the Chineseeconomy grew by 9.4%, consumption by 7%, and import and export by16.7%. In 2004, the country’s GDP topped US $ 1.94 trillion. Total importand export volume reached US$ 1.18 trillion. We have basicallyestablished a socialist market economy. Our productivity and overall nationalstrength are constantly growing. Various social undertakings are flourishingand the historic leap in the people’s livelihood from a subsistence level tomoderate prosperity is realized on the whole.

Under the new circumstances of accelerated economic globalization, amajor strategic issue deserving our close attention is how to maintainsustained, rapid, coordinated and sound economic and social development byadapting to China’s reality, seizing opportunities and coping with challenges.After years exploration and practice, we have found a path to developmentthat comforts to China’s reality and the trend of times and reflects the wishesof the people. This is the road of Chinese socialism with Chinesecharacteristics. We will stride forward unswervingly along this road.