2020-2021年英语七年级英语下册阅读理解100及答案(word)

一、七年级英语下册阅读理解专项目练习（含答案解析） 1．根据短文内容，完成下列小题。

New rules and behavior standards （行为规范） for middle school students came out （颁布） in March. Middle schools are going to use a new way to decide who the top students are. The best students won't only have high marks. The following are some of the new rules. Tell the truth. Have you ever cheated（作弊） in an exam? Don't do it again! That's not something honest students should do.

Love animals and other people. Good students love animals and care for other people. April is Bird loving Month in Beijing this year. Is your school doing anything to celebrate it? You should join! In that way, you can learn more about animals and how to protect（保护） them. Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought people could live on the moon? Maybe you'll find another earth in space in the future. Everyone's new ideas are important.

Protect yourself. Has a thief ever taken money from one of your classmates? Don't let it happen to you. If you have to go back home late, you should let your parents know.

Use the Internet carefully. The Internet can be very useful for your study. But some things on the Internet aren't for kids, so try to look at the good web pages （网页）. You can use the web pages for fun or homework.

（1）What should the best students do in an exam?

（2）What should you do if you have to go back home late?

（3）What can the children use the good web pages for?

（4）When did the new rules come out?

（5）Which new idea do you think may come true?

【答案】 （1）They should not cheat./ They should be honest.

（2）We should let our parents know.

（3）For fun or homework.

（4）In March.

（5）People could live on the moon in the future./People will find another earth in space in the future.

【解析】【分析】

（1）细节理解。从第二段可以看出，最好的学生就是不要说谎，即要诚实。所以答案是They should not cheat./ They should be honest.。

（2）细节理解。从第五段的最后一句可以得出。如果你不得不晚回家的时候，让你父母知道。即We should let our parents know。

（3）细节理解，从最后一段的最后一句可以得出，儿童使用网络的目的应该是用来娱乐或者做家庭作业。即For fun or homework.。

（4）细节理解。从第一段的第一句看出，新法令是在三月颁布的。即In March.

（5）开放式问题。从第三段可以得出，这些是人们对着些问题可能实现的假设。你可以写其中一个，也可以自由发挥。即People could live on the moon in the future。或者也可以you'll find another earth in space in the future. or Peole will find another earth in space in the future.

【点评】本题比较简单。应该多从文章中去找相应的答案。并且要有相应的自我变通的能力。

2．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

When we have small cuts in the skin （皮肤）, something strange may happen. The cuts are able to heal （疫愈） themselves in a couple of days. How does this happen? Read on, and you will find out the secret.

Every living thing on the earth is made up of cells （细胞）. Cells grow and make new cells. Most cells are very tiny and we can't see them with our eyes. Different cells have different uses. Our skin cells are special ones. The cells on the surface （表面） of our skin are old dead cells. New skin cells are right under the surface. These are the living skin cells. They do work for our bodies. They help protect our bodies and heal cuts.

Our bodies make skin cells all the time. As the old cells fall off, new cells grow in the same place. Each person makes about 18kg of skin cells during his or her life. Surface skin cells fit together closely with no gaps between them. When you cut or burn yourself, you can harm （伤害） your skin cells. A small cut will not do much harm. Your skin will quickly heal itself by making new skin cells. How do skin cells work? First, the cells near the cut get bigger and move into the gap. Next, these bigger cells meet in the middle. They form a new layer （层） of skin cells. Finally, new cells will grow until the gap disappears completely. In this way, your skin can grow and get well itself.

How amazing the tiny cells are! Next time you have a cut, don't worry about it. Maybe in a few

days, you will be surprised to find it healed.

（1）The underlined word \"gaps\" in the passage means \"________\" in Chinese. A. 突起 B. 条纹 C. 缝隙 D. 差距 （2）From the passage, we know that ________. A. cells are large and we can see them with our eyes B. cells can grow and make new cells C. cells aren't in most living things

D. cells near the cut get smaller and move into the gap

（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Each person can make 18kg of skin cells every day. B. Different cells have different uses in our bodies. C. The skin cells have little work to do in the body. D. We can see most cells with our eyes.

（4）The best title for this passage should be ________. A. HOW SKIN CELLS HEAL CUTS B. THE IMPORTANCE OF SKIN C. HOW TO PROTECT OUR FINGERS D. THE WAY OF MAKING CELLS 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）B （4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了皮肤细胞怎样治愈伤口的。

（1）推断题。根据前文As the old cells fall off, new cells grow in the same place.可知旧的细胞脱落，新细胞又长出来，所以细胞间没有缝隙，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据As the old cells fall off, new cells grow in the same place.可知细胞可以生长，制造新细胞，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据Different cells have different uses.可知不同的细胞有不同的用处，故选B。

（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了皮肤细胞怎样治愈伤口的。故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．阅读理解

An Englishman shows a foreign visitor around London. \"What is that strange building?\" asks the visitor. \"That's the Tower of London.\" \"I see. How long did it take to build it? \"\"About 20 years.\" \"In my country, we can build it in 20 months,\" answers the visitor. A short time after that they come to St. Paul's Cathedral （圣保罗大教堂）. \"Very interesting,\" says the visitor. \"How long did it take to build it?\" \"About forty years.\" \"In my country we can finish it in forty days,\" says the

visitor. This goes on all day. They visit most of the best known buildings in the city. Every time they see a new one, the visitor always asks the same question. Then he always answers that they can do the same thing much faster in his country. At last, the Englishman gets angry with the visitor but he tries not to show it. At last they come to the House of Parliament and the visitor asks his usual question \"What is that?\" The Englishman answers \"I don't know. It wasn't there last night.\"

（1）The visitor says that in his country it would take them _____ to build St. Paul's Cathedral. A. more than half a year B. less than 2 months C. 20 years D. 40 years （2）The Englishman is very angry at the end of the day but he _____. A. tries not to let the visitor know it B. tries not to show the visitor around C. has no time to tell the visitor D. doesn't want to say anything

（3）What the Englishman said at last means he ______. A. is sorry that there is no such a building before

B. can say nothing because he doesn't know anything about it C. wants to give him a surprising answer D. doesn't know the name of the building 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）C

【解析】【分析】短文大意：一个英国人带领一个外国游客参观伦敦，每到一个地方，游客都会问这个建筑花费多长时间修建的，然后总是说自己的国家花费更少的时间就能建成。最后来到国会大厦的时候，游客又问了相同的问题，英国人说它是一夜建成的。 （1）细节理解题。根据短文中A short time after that they come to St. Paul's Cathedral （圣保罗大教堂）. \"Very interesting,\" says the visitor. \"How long did it take to build it?\" \"About forty years.\" \"In my country we can finish it in forty days,\" says the visitor.可知，来到圣保罗大教堂的时候，游客说他们国家修建它只要四十天，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据短文At last, the Englishman gets angry with the visitor but he tries not to show it.可知，到最后，英国人非常生气，但是他尽力不表现出来。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据文意可知，这个英国人每带着这个游客来到一个地方，他都会说自己的国家花费更少的时间修建他们，到最后英国人很生气。所以来到国会大厦，当游客又问相同的问题的时候，他决定给他一个不一样的回答，故选C。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。关键词定位法，题干中出现的名词或关系到题干意义的词。首尾句定位法。帮助我们快速解决文章的主旨。推理判断法。根据文章细节进行推理判断，找出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

Do you know the way of using wind power to make electricity? There are many advantages（{优点） of using wind to make electricity. Here're some of them.

First, it may be one of the cheapest ways to make electricity. Second, it can make and store hydrogen gas. The most important one is that it won't pollute the environment. Besides, the wind power can be reusable.

But large wind farms might kill birds too, because birds always fly into the wind turbine（风力涡轮机）. Scientists are looking for ways to stop it.

Experts said that by the middle of the 21st century, wind power could supply more than 10% of the world's electricity. Wind really helps us a lot. （1）This passage is mainly about

A. wind B. using wind power to make electricity C. wind power experts D. the use of electricity

（2）The writer tells advantage（s） of using wind to make electricity. A. one B. two C. three D. four （3）What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word \"'reusable\"?

A. 可食用的 B. 可退还的 C. 可再用的 D. 可更换的 （4）By the year of wind power could supply more than 10% of the world's electricity. A. 1950 B. 2050 C. 2150 D. 2190 【答案】 （1）B （2）D （3）C （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了风能发电的一些优势。

（1）主旨题。根据 Do you know the way of using wind power to make electricity? 可知本文是关于风力发电的方法内容 ，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 First, it may be one of the cheapest ways to make electricity. Second, it can make and store hydrogen gas. The most important one is that it won't pollute the environment. Besides, the wind power can be reusable 可知有4个优势，故选D。

（3）词义猜测题。根据 the wind power can be reusable.风能可知再利用可知reusable是可再用的 ，故选C。

（4）推理题。根据 Experts said that by the middle of the 21st century, wind power could supply more than 10% of the world's electricity 可推测是21世纪50年代 风力发电可以提供超过全世界10%的供电 ，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

5．阅读理解

Can trees talk? Yes, but not in words. Scientists have reasons to believe that trees do communicate with each other. Not long ago, researchers learned some surprising things. Some caterpillars（毛毛虫） attacked a willow tree（柳树） in the woods. The tree changed the

chemistry of its leaves and the leaves tasted so terrible that the caterpillars stopped eating them. Then even more surprising, the tree sent out a special vapour （蒸气） a signal causing its neighbours to change the chemistry of their own leaves and make them less tasty.

Communication, of course, doesn't need to be always in words. We can talk to each other by smiling, raising our shoulders and moving our hands. We know that birds and other animals use a whole vocabulary of songs, sounds and movements. Bees dance their signals, flying in certain patterns that tell other bees where to find nectar（花蜜） for honey. So why shouldn't trees have ways of sending messages?

（1）From the passage we know that caterpillars .

A. like willow trees B. enjoy eating fallen leaves C. can talk to other caterpillars D. can send out a special vapour （2）Caterpillars will stop eating willow tree leaves which . A. have a chemical change and become tasteless B. have a pleasant taste C. are being attacked D. are communicating （3）What makes the researchers more surprised is that . A. caterpillars stop eating the willow tree's leaves B. the willow tree can send out a special vapour C. trees can talk to each other by their words D. birds and other animals all use vocabularies

（4）According to the passage, bees communicate with each other by . A. talking B. making unusual sounds C. flying in certain patterns D. singing songs 【答案】 （1）A （2）A （3）B （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文讲述的是树和树之间，动物和动物之间也是群在沟通交流的。 （1）推理题。根据 Some caterpillars（毛毛虫） attacked a willow tree（柳树） in the woods 可知毛毛虫喜欢柳树 ，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据 The tree changed the chemistry of its leaves and the leaves tasted so terrible that the caterpillars stopped eating them 可知当发生化学变化，变得无味时毛虫会停止吃柳树的叶子。 ，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据 Then even more surprising, the tree sent out a special vapour 可知 更令人惊讶的是，这棵树散发出一种特殊的蒸汽，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据 Bees dance their signals, flying in certain patterns that tell other bees where to find nectar（花蜜） for honey 可知蜜蜂以某种模式飞行来彼此交流 ，故选C。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。

6．阅读理解

We all cry for water when we are thirsty. But do you know, in very hot, dry weather, plants also make very low sounds as if they are crying for help?

You see, in a plant's stem there are several hundred \"water pipes\" that bring water from soil all the way up to the leaves. When the ground turns dry, it becomes harder and harder for plants to do this.

On very hot days, plants have to get any water that they can get.

Scientist Robot Winter has found out that when plants can get no water, their \"water pipes\" snap（发出声音）. When that happens, the whole plant vibrates（振动） a little.

Robot knows that healthy, well-watered plants are quiet. He also knows that dry plants are many insects' \"favourite\" and they often attack（袭击） them. How do the insects know which are healthy plants and which are not? Robot thinks that the insects may hear the plants \"crying\" and they may come to kill them.

（1）There are many \"water pipes\" .

A. in a plant's stem B. in a plant's root C. in the sunshine D. in the soil （2）It for plants to get water when the ground turns dry.

A. is easy B. is difficult C. takes little time D. is not necessary （3）When plants can , their \"water pipes\" snap.

A. grow well B. get no sunlight C. have enough water D. get no water （4）When \"water pipes\" snap, the whole plant .

A. keeps quiet B. gets well C. vibrates a little D. makes very loud sounds 【答案】 （1）A （2）B （3）D （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了植物在干燥的时候会发生什么事。

（1）细节题。根据 in a plant's stem there are several hundred \"water pipes\"，可知在植物的茎中 有数百个管道，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据 When the ground turns dry, it becomes harder and harder for plants to do this 可知 当地面变干时，植物很难弄到水，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据 when plants can get no water, their \"water pipes\" snap（发出声音）.可知当植物没有水时，水管会发出断裂声，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据 When that happens, the whole plant vibrates（振动） a little 可知当发生这种情况时，整个植物会发出振动 ，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。

7．阅读理解

It was a very hot day. Two farmers, Jack and Jim, sat in the shade of a large neem tree. Both of them were eating chapatis（印度薄饼） for lunch. Jack had three pieces of the flat, round Indian bread while Jim had five. As they were about to begin their meal, a young nobleman（贵族） went by.

\"Good day! Good sirs!\" said the nobleman. The nobleman looked very hungry and tired, so Jack and Jim invited the man to eat with them.

\"How can we divide these eight chapatis into three equal parts among the three of us?\" asked Jim.

\"Let us stack（叠起来） them up and cut the chapatis into three equal parts,\" suggested Jack. After cutting the chapatis, they shared the parts equally, and no one ate more or less than anyone else.

After they finished the meal, the nobleman insisted on（坚持） paying for his meal. He put six coins into Jack's hand and ten coins into Jim's hand. And the two men were both very glad! （1）How many people are there in this story?

A. Two. B. Four. C. Five. D. Three. （2）How did they divide the eight chapatis into three equal parts? A. They stacked them up and cut them into three equal parts. B. They weighed them and cut them into three equal parts. C. They numbered them and divided them into three parts equally. D. All three people ate two chapatis and left the rest. （3）The nobleman paid for his meal in all.

A. six coins B. ten coins C. sixteen coins D. four coins （4）Which is TRUE according to the passage? A. There are nine pieces of the flat, round Indian bread in all. B. The nobleman didn't look hungry and tired at all. C. Jim thought of a good idea to cut the chapatis equally. D. All the three people shared the parts equally at last. 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）C （4）D

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Jack和Jim邀请一个年轻贵族吃印度薄饼，最后三人平分，贵族给Jack三个硬币，给Jim10个硬币。

（1）细节题。根据全文可知有Jack、Jim和一个年轻贵族，一共三人，故选D。 （2）细节题。根据 \"Let us stack（叠起来） them up and cut the chapatis into three equal parts,\" suggested Jack.可知他们把薄饼叠起来平分成三份，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据He put six coins into Jack's hand and ten coins into Jim's hand.可知贵族给Jack三个硬币，给Jim10个硬币。一共16个硬币，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据they shared the parts equally可知他们平分三份，故选D。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

8．阅读理解

The world is not hungry, but it is thirsty. It seems strange that nearly 3/4 of the Earth is covered with water while we say we are short of（短缺）water. Why? Because about 97% of water on the Earth is sea water which we can't drink or use for watering plants directly（直接地）. Man can only drink and use the 3%-the water that comes from rivers and lakes. And we can't even use

all of that, because some of it has been polluted（污染）.

Now more water is needed. The problem is Can we avoid（避免）a serious water shortage later on? First, we should all learn how to save water. Secondly, we should find out the ways to reuse it. Scientists have always been researching in the field. Today, in most large cities water is used only once and then runs to the seas or rivers. But it can be used again. Even if（即使）every large city reused its water, there would not be enough. What can people turn to next? The seas seem to have the best answer. There is a lot of water in the seas. All that needs to be done is get the salt out of the sea water. This is expensive, but it's already used in many parts of the world. Scientists are trying to find a cheaper way of doing it. So you see, if we can find a way out, we'll be in no danger of drying up. （1）The world is thirsty because . A. 3/4 of the Earth is covered with water B. we have enough sea water to use directly C. we haven't used all the water in rivers and lakes

D. about 97% of water on the Earth can't be drunk or used for watering plants directly （2）Which of the following is TRUE? A. 3% of water on the Earth is in rivers and lakes. B. 75% of water on the Earth is from the sea. C. 97% of the Earth is covered with water. D. 3% of water on the Earth is sea water. （3）From the passage we know that

A. if every large city reuses its water, we'll be in no danger of drying up B. man can only drink and use about25% of water on the Earth C. today in most large cities water is used only once D. water can be used only once

（4）According to the passage, which of the following is the most important to avoid water shortage?

A. Save water and try to make good use of the water in rivers and lakes. B. Don't pollute water and keep all rivers and lakes clean. C. Make dirty water clean and then reuse it.

D. Try to find a cheaper way to get the salt out of the sea water. （5）What is the best title for the passage?

A. The sea water B. How to save water C. The thirsty world D. The polluted water 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）C （4）D （5）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：地球不饥饿，但它干渴，因为我们只能使用全球水分的3%。为了避免缺水，我们首先要节约用水，其次是要找到再利用水的方法。最好的答案是从海水中分离出盐，但是这个方法成本很高。科学家们还在不断努力以找到经济有效的办法。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句Because about 97% of water on the earth is sea water which we can't drink or use for watering plants directly.因为地球上97%的水是海水，我们不能直接饮用或用它们来浇灌植物。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。短文说到：Man can only drink and use the 3% - the water that comes from rivers and lakes人们只能饮用和利用其中的3%，这3%的水来自河流和湖泊。因此河流和湖泊的水只占全球水的3%，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。Today, in most large cities water is used only once and then runs to the sea or rivers .今天，在大多数大城市水只是利用过一次就流入大海和河流。故选C。

（4）细节理解题。短文最后一段说最好的答案就是海洋，就是从海水中提出盐，但是很贵，科学家们在寻找廉价的办法从海水中提出盐。所以，找到便宜的办法才是最重要的。故选D。

（5）细节理解题。短文先介绍了地球的水资源很有限，接着讲了避免水缺乏的方法。所以文章的主题中心词就是thirsty，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

9．阅读理解

Here is a menu for a fast food restaurant. The prices are in American money, called dollars and cents. There are 100 cents in a dollar. Main Meals（主食） small large Hamburger Chicken burger Vegetable burger Side dishes Fries Salad Chicken wings Drinks Coca Cola Orange juice Tea Coffee Desserts Apple pie（ hot） Donuts or Jam 1. 80 2. 30 1. 90 2. 40 1. 80 2. 30 small large 0. 90 1. 10 1. 00 1. 20 1. 30 1. 60 small large 0. 80 1. 00 0. 90 1. 20 0. 70 0. 90 0. 80 1. 00 small large 0. 70 / 0. 50 / Hamburger with cheese 2. 00 2. 50 Ice cream or Chocolate 1. 20 1. 60 （1）From the menu, how much is a small vegetable burger?

A. One hundred and eighty dollars. B. Two dollars and thirty cents. C. Eighty cents. D. One dollar and eighty cents. （2）If you have only three dollars, what can you buy? A. A large salad and a large ice cream. B. A large chicken burger and a small cup of tea. C. A small vegetable burger and a large chocolate. D. A small hamburger and a large chocolate. （3）Jam is a kind of .

A. main meals B. side dishes C. desserts D. drinks 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是餐馆的一份菜单和价格表。

（1）细节题。根据 Vegetable burger，1. 80 可知蔬菜汉堡一美元80分，故选D。 （2）细节题。根据 Salad， 1. 20， Ice cream or Chocolate， 1. 60，可知3美元能买一大份沙拉和一大份冰淇淋 ，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据Donuts or Jam在Desserts栏里，可知Jam是一种甜品，故选C。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。

10．阅读理解

As we all know there are all kinds of clubs in US middle schools, such as music club, sports club, chess club, swimming club… But do you know homework club? It is a popular club in many US middle schools. More and more students spend their afternoons at homework clubs. The US middle school students need a quiet place to study. But games, computers and TVs are all around kids at home. So the homework club is just for them to do their homework. The club is quiet and it's good for students to study. Some teachers are there, too. They can answer students' questions and help with their homework.

After the students finish their homework, they can go home. Then they can play games or watch TV happily. So many students like the music club. It's also a good place for them to meet their old friends and make new ones.

（1）The students in US middle schools can go to the homework club . A. in the morning B. at noon C. in the afternoon D. at night （2）What can the students do in the homework club?

A. Learn to swim. B. Play the guitar. C. Watch TV. D. Do their homework. （3）What is NOT true about the homework club? A. The homework club is popular in US middle schools. B. It's good for students to study in the homework club.

C. The teachers in the homework club can help the students study. D. All the US middle school students like the homework club. （4）What is the best title （题目） of the passage?

A. Clubs in US Middle Schools B. Students and Homework C. Homework Club D. Study and Hobbies 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）D （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国学生喜欢家庭作业俱乐部，他们在那里可以写作业。并且有老师辅导。

（1）细节题。根据 More and more students spend their afternoons at homework clubs. 可知学生家庭作业俱乐部是在下午，故选C。

（2）细节题。 根据So the homework club is just for them to do their homework可知家庭作业俱乐部是让学生写家庭作业的 ，故选D。

（3）推理题。根据More and more students spend their afternoons at homework clubs可知越来越多的学生去参加家庭作业俱乐部,并不是所有的学生都喜欢这种俱乐部，故选D。 （4）主旨题。根据本文介绍了美国学生喜欢家庭作业俱乐部，可知 Homework Club 家庭作业俱乐部适合做标题，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。