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航海英语903、0204第四节 海图及海图作业

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第四节 海图及海图作业

0062. ___D___ chart 3994,positions read from this chart should be shifted 0.03 minutes Northward.[11]

为与3994号海图(),从本图上读取的船位需向北移0.03海里。

A.To consider 考虑B.To check检查 C.To examine检查、测试 D.To agree with 相符

0063. ___D___ is not a position-fixing system. ()不是一种定位系统

A.Hifix 哈飞克斯定位系统B.Hyperfix 哈皮飞克斯定位系统

C.Trisponder 三应定位系统

D.WGS84 (WGS84:World Geodetic System 1984,是为GPS全球定位系统使用而建立的坐标系统。)

0064. ___B___ the incomplete nature of the survey,heavy draught vessels are warned not to navigate within the 10 fathom line.[27]

(由于)测量资料不全面,深吃水船舶被警告不要在10拓等深线内航行。 A.Because B.Owing to C.Having been D.Being

0065. A chart position enclosed by a square is a(n)__B____. 在海图上用一个方框围起来的船位是()

A.fix 定位B.estimated position 预计船位C.dead reckoning position 推算船位 D.running fix 移线定位船位

0066. A chart projection depicting the poles and a small area on either side of a connecting meridian,that is sometimes used for star charts,is the ___C___.[56] 用来描绘地球两极部分区域和相邻子午线两边的小部分区域,有时用来制做索星图,这种海图投影法是()

A.Azimuthal gnomonic projection 方位球心投影法 B.Lambert conformal projection兰勃特正形投影,该投影用一个设想的圆锥切于或割于地球面两 纬线上,应用等角条件将地球面上经纬线 网投影到圆锥面上,沿一母线展开成平面。 纬线投影为同心圆弧,经线投影为同心圆 半径,两经线间夹角与相应经差成正比。该 投影角度不变形,切纬线或割纬线(称标准 纬线)不变形,远离标准纬线变形逐渐增 大。适合于制作沿纬线延伸地区地图的数 学基础,广泛用于制作中、小比例尺区域地 图。 C.Transverse Mercator projection横轴墨卡托投影(即UTM投影),假想一个圆锥其轴与地球椭球旋转轴重合地套在椭球上,按等角的条件把地球椭球上经纬线投影到圆锥面上,然后沿一条母线(经线)将圆锥面切开展成平面,这就是正轴等角圆锥投影。这种投影最适合于中纬度地区,为世界上许多国家制作地图所使用。

D.Polyconic projection 多圆锥形投影法,假想用一系列同轴圆锥切于地球各纬线上,将地球上的经纬线投影到各圆锥面上,然后沿某一母线展开而成。

0067. A chart with a scale of 1:80,000 would fall into the category of a ___C___. 海图比例尺为1:80,000的海图将归入下列哪一类()

A.sailing chart航行图B.general chart普通海图C.coastal chart 沿岸海图

D.harbor chart 港图

0068. A polyconic projection is based on a __D____.[156] 多多圆锥形投影法的原理是基于()

A.Plane tangent at one point 在一点上的平面切线

B.Cylinder tangent at one parallel 在一条平行线上柱状投影 C.Cone tangent at one parallel 在一条平行线上的锥形投影

D.Series of cones tangent at selected parallels 在一些选好的平行线上的一系列的锥形投影

0069. A revised print of a chart is made ___C___.[172] (何时)出修订版海图

A.after every major hydrographic survey of the area covered by the chart 每次海图覆盖区域经重要的海道测量后

B.when there are numerous corrections to be made or the corrections are extensive 经过多次改正或改正范围比较广

C.when a low-stock situation occurs and minor corrections are made (当前版)海图库存少,且对该海图的改正比较少

D.every two years to update the magnetic variation information 每两年对磁差资料进行更新

0070. A true bearing of a charted object,when plotted on a chart,will establish a ___B___. 当在海图上标绘图示物标的真方位时,该(方位线)将构成()

A.Fix 定位B.Line of position 船位线C.Relative bearing 相对方位D.Range 距离

0071. All straight lines represent great circle tracks on a chart based on a(n)__D____.[324] 在海图上代表大圆的所有直线是基于()

A.Mercator projection 墨卡托投影,由荷兰地图学家墨卡托(C. Mercator)于1569年创拟即正轴等角圆柱投影。假想一个与地轴方向一致的圆柱体面切于地球,将经纬网投影到圆柱面上,将圆柱面展开为平面所得到的一种等角投影由荷兰地图学家墨卡托(C. Mercator)于1569年创拟即正轴等角圆柱投影。假想一个与地轴方向一致的圆柱体面切于地球,将经纬网投影到圆柱面上,将圆柱面展开为平面所得到的一种等角投影 B.Polyconic projection多圆锥形投影法

C.Orthographic projection正射投影,一种任意性质的透视方位投影。承影面切于球面,视点位于无限远处,投影线互相平行且垂直于承影面。

D.Gnomonic projection球心投影,投影平面与地球相切,投影原点在球心。切点附近可认为无变形。常用以绘制大比例尺港泊图。

0072. Areas enclosed by a long and short dashed magenta line indicate ___C___.[378] (在海图上)由品红色的长、短虚线围起来的区域表示() A.Cable areas 电缆区域B.Dumping grounds 垃圾倾倒区 C.Fish trap areas 渔栅D.Precautionary areas 警戒区

0073. Chart legends printed in capital letters show that the associated landmark is ___B___.[455] 在海图上与陆标有关的图示,该图示用大写字母印制,表示该陆标()

A.inconspicuous 不显著B.conspicuous 显著的

C.a government facility or station 政府设施或台站D.a radio transmitter 无线电发射台

0074. Charts should be corrected by using information published in the __C____.[459] 海图应用()发布的资料改正 A.Light List 灯标表

B.American Practical Navigator美洲实用航海,美国独立之后的第一位数学家 Bowditch(1773~1838年)写的一本书

C.Notice to Mariners 航海通告D.Coast Pilot 沿岸航路指南

0075. Charts showing the coast of Mexico are produced by the United States ___A___. 显示墨西哥沿岸的海图是由美国()印制的

A.National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (a combat support agency that provides geographic intelligence in support of national security)美国的一个为国家安全提供地理情报资料的战争支持机构 B.Coast Guard 海岸警卫队C.Naval Observatory 海军观测台D.National Ocean Service 国家海洋服务机构

0076. Distance along a track line is measured on a Mercator chart by using the __A____.[493] 在墨卡托海图上,在航迹线上量取航程用()

A.latitude scale near the middle of the track line 接近航迹线中间的单位纬度标尺 B.longitude scale near the middle of the track line 接近航迹线中间的单位经度标尺 C.latitude scale at the midlatitude of the chart 海图纬度中间的纬单位纬度标尺

D.latitude or longitude scale at the middle of the scale海图经度中间的单位经度标尺

0077. Every chart is liable to(固定词组,易于;可能) be incomplete __C____. 所有海图都有可能不完整,()

A.the final judge of the reliance the mariner can place on the information given 航海者可根据所给出的资料对其可信度作出最后判断

B.its immediate importance cannot always be verified before promulgation 其最近的重要资料在发布之前无法总是得到确认

C.through imperfections in the survey on which it is based,or subsequent alterations to the topography or sea floor 海图所采用的测量资料不完善,或因随后海底地形或海床发生变化 D.deferring the promulgation of certain less important information 对某些不太重要的资料推迟发布

0078. For what purpose would using a Lambert conformal chart be more convenient than using a Mercator ___A_____.

当用于(什么目的)时,使用兰勃特正形投影海图比用墨卡托投影海图更方便。

A.Plotting radio bearings over a long distance 在海图上标绘长距离的无线电方位B.Determining latitude and longitude of a fix 确定定位的经、纬度 C.Measuring rhumb line distances 计算恒向线上的距离 D.Measuring rhumb line directions 计算恒向线上的方向

0079. Magnetic information on a chart may be ____D__.[808] 在海图上,有关磁差的资料可在()找到

A.found in the center(s)of the compass rose(s) 罗经花中部 B.indicated by isogonic lines 由等磁差线表示

C.found in a note on the chart 在海图上提示材料中 D.all of the above 上面都是

0080. Many of the soundings shown on the chart are derived from ___C___.Undue reliance should not be placed upon them.[816]

海图上的许多测深资料都是从()中引用的,不要过分相信它们。 A.Complete and often very poor surveys 完整的,但质量较差的测量 B.Correct and often very good surveys 正确的,且一般都很好的测量

C.Inadequate and often very old surveys 不适当的,且一般都很老旧的测量 D.Adequate and present surveys 适当的且较新的测量

0081. Navigational charts are ___D___ frequent changes,the important one of which are promulgated by Admiralty Notices to Mariners.[839]

航海海图()经常的改正,其中重要的改正资料是通过航海通告发布的 A.Published with 与---一起出版B.Combined with 与---结合

C.In connection with 与---联系D.Subject to固定词组,容易遭受

0082. On a Mercator chart,1 nautical mile is equal to ____C__.[855] 在墨卡托投影海图上,1海里等于()

A.1 minute of longitude 经度一分B.1 degree of longitude 经度一度 C.1 minute of latitude 纬度一分D.1 degree of latitude 纬度一度

0083. On chart,bearings to near objects should be used in preference to objects farther off,because ____A__.

在海图上,要优先使用近处物标而非远处物标的方位,这是()

A.a small error in bearing or in laying it down on the chart has a greater effect in misplacing the position the longer the line to be drawn 距离越长,测量方位或作图上的小误差对船位误差的影响越大

B.all scales are kept updated for vital information by Notices to Mariners 所有比例尺的海图其关键信息都通过航海通告得以更新

C.the larger the scale of the chart,the greater the detail that can be shown on it 海图比例尺越大,其所显示的资料越详细

D.the mariner using the medium scale charts for passage along a coast need not transfer on to a large scale for short distances 在沿岸航行时使用中等比例尺海图的航海者,如遇一小段航程有更大比例尺海图时,不需要改用更大比例尺海图

0084. On this chart only the principle ___D___ to navigation are shown. 本海图上,仅显示有关航行的主要的()

A.equipment's 设备的B.tools 工具C.apparatus 器材D.aids 助航设施

0085. Particular care is needed when navigating in the vicinity of ___B___ as very few of these features have been fully surveyed to modern standards to determine their correct position,full extent,or the least depth over them.

当在()附近航行时,应当特别小心,因为对这些物标很少以现代标准进行全面的测量,以确定其正确的位置、全部范围或其上的最小水深 A.SW of Cocos Islands 柯可岛西南部

B.oceanic dangers or seamounts 大洋上的危险物或海底山脉C.undiscovered dangers 未发现的危险物D.the continental shelf 大陆架

0086. That the scale of any part of a chart to be larger than the scale of the survey is __A____. 一般来说,出现海图上某一部分的比例尺比测量比例尺大的概率() A.very rare 很少B.common 普通C.often 经常D.reasonable 合理的

0087. The arrangement of charts in the catalogue is __A____. 海图总目录中,对海图的排序是()

A.on a regional basis 按区域排序B.on a national basis 按国家排序

C.shown orderly 按(图号)顺序D.appeared from A to W 按字母顺序从A到W排序

0088. The broken magenta lines(long and short dashes)in and around Mobjack Bay indicate ___C___.

Mobjack Bay(地名)内或附近,品红色的长、短虚线表示()

A.Amphibious training areas两栖作战的;海陆空协同作战的训练区域 B.Grounds for dredge spoil 疏浚垃圾倾倒区C.Fish trap areas 渔栅 D.Gunnery exercise areas 射击练习区

0089. The changes in the channel's sands and buoys on this coast are ___D___ this chart can not be considered as a safe guide of the channel.[994]

本处沿岸的沙洲及浮标(经常)变化以至于本海图不能被认为是通过水道的安全的指南。 A.frequent B.so frequent C.frequent that D.so frequent that

0090. The chart of a beach area shows a very flat slope to the underwater beach bottom.What type of breakers can be expected when trying to land a boat on this beach ____B____.

海图上显示,一处海滩到海底之间有段非常平缓的坡度,当你尝试将小艇在该海滩冲滩时,估计会遇到什么浪花

A.Surging波涛汹涌的B.Spilling溢出C.Plunging冲进的;突进的D.Converging收缩的

0091. The only cylindrical chart projection widely used for navigation is the ___B___. 唯一的在航海广泛使用的柱形海图投影法是()

A.Lambert conformal 兰勃特正形投影B.Mercator 墨卡托投影C.Azimuthal 方位角投影D.Gnomonic 球心投影

0092. The path that a vessel is expected to follow,represented on a chart by a line drawn from the point of departure to the point of arrival,is the ___B___.

海图上,从起航点画到抵达点,预计给船舶航行的路线,是()

A.DR plot 推算船们标绘B.track line 航迹线C.heading 船艏线 D.estimated course 预计航向

0093. The revision date of a chart is printed on which area of the chart ____B____. 修订版海图的修订日期印在海图上的哪一个区域

A.Top center 上部中心B.Lower-left corner 左下角C.Part of the chart title 海图标题部分 D.Any clear area around the neat line内图廓线附近的空白区域

0094. The shoreline on charts generally represents the mean ___A___. 海图上的海岸线一般表示()

A.High water line 高潮面B.Low water line 低潮面

C.Low water spring line 大潮低潮面D.Tide level 潮高基准面

0095. The short-long dashed magenta line around Gardiners Island marks __B____. Gardiners Island(地名)附近品红色的长、短虚线表示() A.A regulated anchorage 指定锚地B.Fish trap areas 渔栅

C.An area closed to the public 不对公众开放的区域D.Underwater cables 海底电缆

0096. The short-long dashed,magenta lines parallel to York River Entrance Channel mark ___A___.[1193]

与York River(河名)进港航道平行的品红色的长、短虚线表示() A.fish trap areas 渔栅区B.naval exercise areas 海军练习区域

C.underwater cables 海底电缆D.recommended track lines 推荐航迹线

0097. The soundings on the imperial chart are measured in ___A___. 英版海图测深用()表示丈量单位

A.Feet 英尺B.Yards 码C.Fathoms 拓D.Meters 米

0098. The survey information upon which a chart is based is found __B____. 有关海图所采用的扫测资料方面的信息可在海图的()找到

A.At the top center of the neat line 内图廓线上中部B.Near the chart title 海图标题附近 C.At the lower left corner 左下角D.At any convenient location 认为方便的任何位置

0099. What information is found in the chart title _____C___.[1345] 在海图标题上可找到什么信息()

A.Date of the first edition 第一版的出版日期

B.Date of the edition and,if applicable,the revision 出版日期,或修订版出版日期(方便的话)

C.Information on the sounding datum 有关扫测资料的信息

D.Information on which IALA buoyage system applies 有关所采用的IALA浮标系统的信息

0100. What information is NOT found in the chart title ____C____. 海图标题上找不到()

A.Survey information 扫测信息B.Scale 比例尺C.Date of first edition第一版的出版日期

D.Projection 投影法

0101. What is the major advantage of a rhumb line track ___A_____. 恒向线的主要优点是()

A.The vessel can steam on a constant heading(disregarding wind,current,etc.) 船舶可沿一固定航向航行(假设不风、流影响)

B.The rhumb line is the shortest distance between the arrival and departure points 恒向线是连接起始点与终点之间距离最短的

C.It is easily plotted on a gnomonic chart for comparison with a great circle course 在心形投影海图上,画恒向线比画大圆航线更容易

D.It approximates a great circle on east-west courses in high latitudes 在高纬度海区,东西航向的恒向线接近大圆航线

0104. Which aid is NOT marked on a chart with a magenta circle ____A____. 下列哪一种助航标志的图式在海图上不是品红色的

A.Aero light 航空灯标B.Radar station 雷达站C.Radar transponder beacon 雷达反射标D.Radiobeacon 无线电信标

0105. Which chart symbol indicates the bottom is clay ____C____. 海底底质是泥土用下列哪一种简写表示() A.Cly B.Cla C.Cl D.C

0106. Which information does the outer ring of a compass rose on a nautical chart provide _____B___.

海图上罗经花外圈提供的信息是()

A.variation 磁差B.true directions 真航向C.magnetic directions 磁航向 D.annual rate of variation change 磁差年度变化率

0107. Which information is found in the chart title ____B____. 海图标题上可找到什么信息()

A.Chart number 海图编号B.Chart sounding datum 海图水深基准面 C.Revision and edition date 修订版及海图版本的出版日期 D.Variation information 有关磁差的信息

0108. Which information is found in the chart title ____D____. 海图标题上可找到什么信息()

A.Number of the chart 海图的编号B.Edition date 出版日期 C.Variation information有关磁差的信息 D.Survey information 有关扫测资料的信息

0109. Which statement about a gnomonic chart is correct ___D_____. 下列有关心形投影海图的描述哪一项正确

A.A rhumb line appears as a straight line 恒向线显示是一条直线

B.Distance is measured at the midlatitude of the track line 使用航迹线中部的纬度刻度作为量

距离的标准

C.Meridians appear as curved lines converging toward the nearer pole子午线(经线)在海图上显示为向邻近的地极弯曲的曲线

D.Parallels,except the equator,appear as curved lines 除赤道外,其他的平行线显示为曲线

0113. A chart has extensive corrections to be made to it.When these are made and the chart is again printed,the chart issue is a ___B___.[55]

海图有大范围的改正,当这些改正改到海图上后且海图重新印制,这种海图叫()

A.First edition 第一版B.New edition 新版C.Revised edition 修订版D.Reprint 翻印版

0114. A marker pole,with a horseshoe buoy and a sea anchor attached,should be used to ____D__.

海图上由一个马蹄形浮标及一个与之相连接的海锚作为标志的点被用来() A.mark the position of a lost mooring 表示丢失锚的位置

B.determine your vessel's sideslip underway 确定船舶在航时的偏移 C.determine your speed through the water 确定船舶的对水速度 D.indicate location of a man overboard 表示人员落水的位置

0116. Charted depths ___D___ by 2 meters due to state of the winds. 受风的影响,海图水深应(减去)2米

A.Is decreased B.Decreased C.Decreases D.Are decreased

0118. Contour elevations on this chart refer to heights in feet above mean ____D__. 本海图上礁石的高程等高线是用英尺为单位的,在()以上

A.Lower low water 低低潮面B.High water 高潮面C.Low water 低潮面 D.Sea level 海平面

0123. No navigational aids are shown and the chart is not kept corrected for alterations in depths inside the pecked lines.For more detailed information,the larger scale charts must be ___A___.[844]

本海图上虚线内的区域,未显示助航标志,且水深变化未加以改正。如需得到更加详细的资料,应()更大比例尺的海图。

A.referred to 参考、参阅B.appreciated 感谢C.met with 符合D.concerned 关心、关照

0124. On a nautical chart,the inner ring of a compass rose indicates __D____.[856] 航用海图上,罗经花的内圈表示()

A.True directions 真航向B.Compass error 罗经误差C.Deviation 自差 D.Magnetic directions 磁航向

0126. Positions read from this chart should be moved 0.08 minutes Southward and 0.13 minutes Eastward so as ___D___ adjoining chart 3446. 为与图号为3446的海图(),从本海图上读取的位置应向南移0.08分,向东移0.13分。 A.To agree upon 同意B.In accordance with 根据C.To be same as 相同 D.To agree with 相符

0127. Positions read from this chart should,to agree with chart 3949,be __A____ 0.03 minutes Northwards and 0.22 minutes Westwards. 为与图号为3949的海图(),从本海图上读取的位置应向北及向西各()0.03分及0.22分。 A.Shifted 移动B.Removed 移除C.Changed 改变D.Altered 更改

0132. The broken magenta line which runs parallel to the shore between Roanoke Point and Mattituck Inlet marks a __A____.

海图上在Roanoke Point和 Mattituck Inlet之间与岸线平行的品红色的间断线表示() A.Fish trap area 渔栅B.Pipeline 海底管路C.Demarcation line 分界线 D.Cable area 电缆区域

0135. The range of a light on Admiralty Charts is normally the ___A___. 英版海图上灯标的能见距是()

A.nominal range额定能见距指在气象能见度为10n mile 条件下,该灯塔灯光的光力射程。B.luminous range 光识能见距,指在某一气象能见度条件下,该灯塔灯光所能照射的最大距离。

C.geographical range 地理能见距,当能见度良好时,仅由于地面曲率和地面光线的折射率的影响,具有一定眼高的测者,理论上能够看到物标的最大距离。 D.visible range 视力能见距

0136. The range of a light on Admiralty Charts is normally the ___A___.

A.nominal range B.luminous range C.geographical range D.visible range

0137. To ___D___ Admiralty Charts 438,latitudes taken from this chart should be increased by about 5 seconds.[1259] 为与图号为438的海图(),从本海图上读取的纬度应增加5秒

A.Convert to 转换到B.Come to 来到C.Look at 看看D.Agree with 相符

0138. Vessels should not anchor or trawl in the vicinity of pipelines and are ___D___ in the pipeline area shown on the chart.[1323]

船舶不应在管路附近抛锚及拖网,且海图所示的有管路的区域(禁止抛锚)。

A.Prohibit to anchor B.Prohibited to anchor C.Prohibited from anchor D.Prohibited from anchoring

0142. What is the significance of the broken magenta lines which roughly parallel the shore between Roanoke Point and Orient Point on Long Island ____C____.

在海图上Roanoke Point和 Orient Point on Long Island之间基本上与岸线平行的品红色的间断线表示()

A.They mark the limits of breakers in that area 表示该区域开花浪范围 B.These lines warn the mariner of submerged rocks 警告航海者有水下礁石 C.They mark the boundary lines of fish trap areas 表示渔栅的界限

D.These lines warn the mariner of submerged pipelines 警告航海者水下管路

0692. In very high latitudes,the most practical chart projection is the __ D____. 在纬度很高的海区,最实用的海图投影法是()

A.Mercator 墨卡托投影B.Gnomonic 球心投影C.Azimuthal 方位投影 D.Lambert conformal 兰勃特正形投影

1238. ___B___ is a digitized“picture”of a chart. ()是海图的数字化的图像

A.Vector chart format矢量数据海图格式是电子海图数据库的另一种形式,数字化的海图信息分类存储,因此可查询任意图标的细节(如灯标的位置、颜色、周期等),海图要素分层显示,使用者可根据需要选择不同层次的信息量(例如只显示小于10米的水深),并能设置警戒区、危险区的自动报警,还可查询其他航海信息(如港口设施、潮汐变化、海流矢量等),有人把矢量海图称为“智能化电子海图”。

B.Raster chart data 光栅海图数据,是电子海图数据库的一种形式,通过对纸海图的一次性扫描,形成单一的数字信息文件。光栅海图可以看作是纸海图的复制品,包含的信息(如岸线、水深等)与纸海图一一对应。可定期更正,可与定位传感器(如GPS)接口,但使用者不能对光栅海图进行询问式操作(如查询某一海图要素特征,或隐去某类海图要素等)。因此有人称光栅海图为“非智能化电子海图”。英国航道测量局(UK HO)制作的光栅海图ARCS和美国国家海洋空间署(NOAA)制作的光栅海图是比较有影响的两种。 C.pixel图素、映像点

D.Electronic Nautical Chart 电子导航海图,是由各国官方航道测量部门(HO)按照国际航道测量组织(IHO)S57(第三版)标准制作的矢量式电子海图,英国船商公司也为各国航道测量部门提供ENC的制作、更新和维护服务。

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